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This document outlines the key elements and best practices for writing various types of business communications, including memorandums, emails, letters, and reports. It covers structure, tone, and format to ensure clear and effective communication. Special emphasis is placed on e-mail etiquette, the advantages of electronic communication, and writing transmittal letters to accompany larger documents. By following these guidelines, you can enhance the clarity and professionalism of your business correspondence while maintaining appropriate levels of formality and engagement.
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Document Types • Memorandum • Electronic mail • Letters • Business letter • Transmittal letter • Reports • Progress report • Proposal
Memorandum • Memorandum - a brief, informal report • Communicate technical and administrative information • Request information • Make announcements • Outline policies • Transmit meeting minutes • Establish a record of decisions, requests, and concerns
Memorandum Headings • To: • From: • Subject: • Date:
Memorandum Body • Arrange topics in the order of their importance • Key statements first • Details later
Advantages of E-Mail vs. Hard Copy • Instant transmission of information • Easy distribution to a large number of recipients • Easy linking of one text to many others
Characteristics of E-Mail • Popular • Immediate • Informal - not incorrect • Precise • Public (not private)
Guidelines for Writing E-Mail Messages • Acknowledge recipient • Keep messages short • Make headings clear and exact • Use “urgent” only for urgent message • Use correct grammar, punctuation, and style • Proofread the message carefully
Guidelines for Writing E-Mail Messages (2) • Tone: Informal and correct • Use headings and lists • Use caution with humor and sarcasm • Use caution with automatic replies • Length: Brief • Message: 60 characters wide (maximum) • Paragraphs: 7 lines long (maximum) • Subject: Specific – 25 characters wide (maximum) • Order: Most important information first
E-Mail Etiquette • Do not forward an e-mail without permission • Keep e-mail addresses confidential • Avoid using all capital letters • Remember that electronic privacy does not exist • Include a short statement indicating to what you are responding
Business Letter • Business letter – frequently used form of technical communication • More formal and reliable than electronic mail • More precise and permanent than telephone or face-to-face conversations • Format of a business letter • Block • Modified block • Modified block with indented paragraphs
Elements of a Business Letter • Heading • Recipient’s/Inside Address • Salutation/Greeting • Body • Closing • Signature • Additional information
Transmittal Letter • Accompanies a larger document • Provides the recipient with a context in which to place the larger document • Provides the sender with a permanent record of having sent the material
Guidelines for Writing a Transmittal Letter • Describe what is being sent and explain the purpose for sending it • Summarize the key elements of the proposal (one or two sentences) • Provide other useful information • Conclude with a sentence that thanks or compliments the recipient
Report • Report - a stand-alone document that conveys information of professional interest and importance to various individuals in an organization • Types of reports • Internal report • External report • Informal report • Formal report
Progress Report • Progress report - objectives are project monitoring and accountability • Summary of project goal • Statement of progress toward goal • Discussion of costs and scheduling issues • List of future objectives
Front Matter (Title Page) of a Progress Report • Name, position, and location of the designer • Name, position, and location of the person or agency to whom the report is being submitted • Period of investigation • Current date
Body of a Progress Report • Abstract • Introduction • Technical progress • Technical issues • Future work
End Matter of a Progress Report • References/Bibliography • Appendices • Résumés
Proposal • Proposal – a document in which the writer identifies a specific problem and proposes a solution to this problem
Front Matter of a Proposal • Title page • Executive summary • Table of contents • List of figures • List of tables • List of terms (optional)
Body of a Proposal • Introduction • Technical approach • Management requirements • Work plan
End Matter of a Proposal • References/Bibliography • Appendices • Résumés