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Modalities are Fun!

Modalities are Fun!. Sports Med 2. Therapeutic Modalities Guided notes Cryokinetics . Modality: a physical technique or substance administered to produce a therapeutic or pain free affect. Legal concerns Understand use of specific modalities Accurate evaluation of injury

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Modalities are Fun!

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  1. Modalities are Fun! Sports Med 2

  2. Therapeutic Modalities Guided notesCryokinetics. • Modality: a physical technique or substance administered to produce a therapeutic or pain free affect. • Legal concerns • Understand use of specific modalities • Accurate evaluation of injury • Avoid “shotgun” approach • Adhere to the law

  3. Cryotherapy • most common forms are; ice massages, cold immersion, and ice packs. • Physiological effects of cryotherapy: • Muscle spasm • pain reception • blood flow up to 10-15 minutes • metabolic rate • joint stiffness

  4. Therapeutic effects of cryotherapy: • pain • or prevent swelling • inflammation • Minimized secondary tissue damage.

  5. Skin response to cryotherapy:

  6. 4. Adverse Conditions to Cryotherapy • hypothermia • frostbite • cold allergies • Raynauds phenomenon

  7. Contraindications for Cryotherapy • lack of normal temperature sensibility • cold hypersensitivity • Raynaud’s disease • Coronary artery disease

  8. Methods p 445…http://youtu.be/9hQsymsi5xUhttp://youtu.be/ucFQbSbKNJY

  9. Cryokinetics • Numb the part to pain free • Work toward regaining ROM • 3-7 min. • Ice until numb • Exercise 3-7 min. • Ice 3-5 min • Repeat 5 times

  10. Thermotherapy is Hot

  11. Thermotherapy: application of heat to treat traumatic injuries. Heat energy increases activity by conduction, convection, and radiation. • Modes are moist, dry, superficial and deep.

  12. Physiological Effects of thermotherapy: • muscle spasm • pain perception • blood flow • metabolic rate • collagen elasticity • joint stiffness • Therapeutic effects of thermotherapy • pain • soft tissue extensibility

  13. Adverse Conditions to thermotherapy • burns • open wounds • Contraindications of thermotherapy • loss of sensations • immediately after injury • impaired circulation • directly to eyes • during acute inflammation

  14. Methods

  15. Therapeutic ModalitiesElectrical stimulation (electrotherapy)

  16. Electrotherapy: implies a flow of electrons between two points. • Electricity is a form of energy that displays magnetic, chemical, mechanical, and thermal effects on tissue. • Ampere: volume or amount • Ohm: resistance • Voltage: force • Watt: power. • Electrical Stimulating Units: generate 3 different types of currents, which produce specific physiological tissue changes. AC, DC, and pulsed. All 3 send currents through the body. Their purpose is to trigger the peripheral nerves to stop pain.

  17. Examples of Electric generators • TENS: transcutaneous nerve stimulators • NMES: neuromuscular electrical stimulators • EMS: electrical muscle stimulator • MENS: micro-current electrical nerve stimulators

  18. Every nerve has an excitability threshold. This is what we get to play with, with the electrical stem. There are 3 types of nerve fibers: sensory, motor, pain. It is possible to produce different physiologic response by adjusting the treatment parameters.

  19. Waveforms: represents electrical current. + 0 -

  20. Electrode Set up • Electrode Setup: • Pads: directly to skin, up to 4 in. Set up in an “X” pattern with the desired stimulation area in the center of the “X”.

  21. Physiological effects of Electrical Stem. • depolarization of peripheral nerves Therapeutic effects of Electrical Stem. • stop pain Contraindication of electrical Stem. • pregnancy • electrical pace devices • cardiac arrhythmia

  22. Therapeutic ModalitiesUltrasound

  23. Ultrasound: is an inaudible, acoustic sound wave modality used in sport medicine for the purpose of elevating tissue temperature, repairing soft tissues, and relieving pain. • Ultrasound can be used for thermal or non-thermal effects on soft tissue.

  24. Physiological Effects of Ultrasound: • Thermal: • elevated tissue temperature • blood flow • tissue extensibility • local metabolism Non-thermal: • cavitation • fluid movement • cellular permeability

  25. Therapeutic Effects of Ultrasound: • collagen tissues extensibility • joint stiffness • muscle spasm • blood flow

  26. Equipment descriptions • generator: main piece of equipment for delivering therapeutic ultrasound • applicator/ultrasound head: has crystals the rebound the acoustic waves. • Piezoelectric effect: causes expansion and contraction of the crystals • Effective radiating area: the part where the transducer produces sound waves.

  27. Ultrasound has a frequency range from 1 MHz – 3.3 MHz. • 1 MHZ: better if there is a layer of fat, or you need to get to deeper tissue. • 3MHz: better for superficial thermal/non-thermal effects

  28. Ultrasound can be continuous or pulsed

  29. Method

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