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test command - 1

test command - 1. Shell Script 程式撰寫常用到測試參數的條件是否符合 ,test 指令即用來做測試用 . 請特別注意 test 這個指令亦可以用中括號 [] 取代之 . << 下面的 test 指令是針對檔案而測試 >> test – d file 測試 file 是否為目錄 test -f file 測試 file 是否為一般檔案 test -L file 測試 file 是否為連結檔 test – r file 測試 file 是否可讀 test -w file 測試 file 是否可寫

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test command - 1

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  1. test command - 1 • Shell Script程式撰寫常用到測試參數的條件是否符合,test指令即用來做測試用. 請特別注意 test這個指令亦可以用中括號[] 取代之. • << 下面的test指令是針對檔案而測試 >> • test –d file 測試file是否為目錄 • test -f file 測試file是否為一般檔案 • test -L file 測試file是否為連結檔 • test –r file 測試file是否可讀 • test -w file 測試file是否可寫 • test -x file 測試file是否可執行 • test –e file 測試file是否存在 • test -s file 測試file是否檔案大小>0 • test -S file 測試file是否是一個Socket

  2. test command-2 • 下面的test指令最常用來做if及迴圈條件的判斷式. • << 下面的test指令是針對數值而測試 >> • test n1 –eq n2 即測試 n1=n2 ? • test n1 –ne n2 即測試 n1n2 ? • test n1 –ge n2 即測試 n1>=n2 ? • test n1 –gt n2 即測試 n1>n2 ? • test n1 –le n2 即測試 n1<=n2 ? • test n1 –lt n2 即測試 n1<n2 ?

  3. test command-3 • 下面的test指令是對 expr的式子再做是否真(true)或假(false)的判斷 • test !expr 測試expr的結果是否為假 • test expr1 –a expr2 測試二個式子取AND的結果 • test expr1 –o expr2 測試二個式子取OR的結果 下面的test指令是對字串(s)做比較 test str1 = str2 測試是否二個字串相等? test str1 == str2 測試是否二個字串相等? test str1 != str2 測試是否二個字串不等? test –n str 測試是否字串長度不為0? test –z str 測試是否為字串長度為0?

  4. Shell Script 練習 檔名: makex • 熟悉Unix的你,如果常常要去建立執行檔,那麼可不可以直接寫個script來完成? • 要執行時請打: • sh makex makex • makex 檔名 # make executable file #!/bin/sh chmod u+x $1 echo $1 is now executable ls –l $1 檔名: morewc • 如果我們需要利用wc指令來看檔案內容的行數及字數,那可不可以寫個script讓列出的內容更明確?? • 要執行時請打: • makex morewc • morewc 檔名 # make wc more readable #!/bin/sh set `wc $1` echo “File: $4” echo “lines: $1” echo “words: $2” echo “characters: $3”

  5. Shell Script 練習 檔名: remember 想寫一個script檔案來提醒您週一到週日每天應做的事. 要執行時請打: makex remember remember #A daily reminder service #!/bin/sh echo “===remind of the week==” Set `date` case $1 in 週一) echo “Plan the week”;; 週二) echo “meet teacher” ;; 週三) echo “Join the club” ;; 週四) echo “Write homework” ;; 週五) echo “Wash my cloth” ;; 週六) echo “go home” ;; 週日) echo “enjoy the NBA” ;; *) echo “哈..這是什麼日子啊?” esac 我們要將此檔案的檔名放入登入檔: .bash_profile 中 接著可以測試 source .login 或用 ./.profile

  6. Shell Script 練習 檔名:ezdel #delete file interactively #!/bin/sh fname = $1 if test ! –f $fname then echo “There is no file \”$fname\”.” else echo “Do you want to delete \”$fname”\?” read choice if test $choice = y then rm $fname echo \”$fname\” deleted.” else echo \”$fname\” not deleted.” fi fi 想把某一個檔案做刪除時能有更安全的刪除機制,所以請寫一個script檔案來達成這一個目的. 要執行時請打: makex ezdel ezdel 檔名

  7. Shell Script 練習 檔名:myspell 想把spell這個功能加強,也就是說,不僅列出錯誤的字而已, 還要列出在檔案中的哪裡. 要執行時請打: makex myspell myspell 檔名 #improve my spell checker #!/bin/sh echo enter a word for spell check: read fword for word in `spell $fword` do line=`grep –n $word $word` echo “ “ echo “Misspelled word: $word” echo “$line” done

  8. Shell Script 練習 # test integer a and b who is bigger #!/bin/sh A = $1 B = $2 if test $A –gt $B; then echo “$A > $B” else if test $A –lt $B; then echo “$A < $B” else; echo “$A = $B” fi fi 檔名:testab 想知道輸入的二個數字誰大誰小 要執行時請打: makex testab testab 6 8 (後面2個數字可任意 變換) # add number from 1 to 9 #!/bin/sh sum=0 for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 do sum=`expr $sum + $i` done echo “The sum of 1-9 is: $sum” 檔名:sum-t 要計算1-9的加總. 要執行時請打: makex sum-t sum-t

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