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France: the pinnacle of absolutism

France: the pinnacle of absolutism. HWH UNIT 2 CHAPTER 4.2. The bourbon dynasty (1589-1792). Henry IV (r. 1589-1610) The first Bourbon The French Wars of Religion (1560s-1590s) Catholics vs. Huguenots (French Calvinists) St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre (1572) “Paris is Worth a Mass”

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France: the pinnacle of absolutism

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  1. France: the pinnacle of absolutism HWH UNIT 2 CHAPTER 4.2

  2. The bourbon dynasty (1589-1792) • Henry IV (r. 1589-1610) • The first Bourbon • The French Wars of Religion (1560s-1590s) • Catholics vs. Huguenots (French Calvinists) • St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre (1572) • “Paris is Worth a Mass” • Edict of Nantes, 1598 • Laid the foundations for French absolutism

  3. Louis xiii (r. 1610-1643) • Increased control of the monarchy • Cardinal Richelieu

  4. Richelieu’s policies • Toward Huguenots • Allowed religious freedom • Forbade Huguenot armies • Forbade Huguenot fortifications • Toward the Nobility • Outlawed private armies • Sold titles of nobility (Nobility of the Robe) • Gave government positions to the middle class (Intendants) • Gave nobles symbolic positions (at court, in the army) • Did not call the Estates General

  5. Louis xiv (r. 1643-1715), the “sun king” • “L’état, C’estmoi” • The pinnacle of absolutism • Divine Right • Controlled the nobility • Controlled the clergy • Controlled the economy • ALL EUROPEAN MONARCHS IMITATED LOUIS XIV

  6. Cardinal Mazarin (1602-1661)

  7. The Fronde (1648-1652)

  8. The sun king in power • Increased the army to 300,000 • Sold titles of nobility • Appointed intendants • Did not call the Estates General • Revoked the Edict of Nantes (1685) • 100,000 Huguenots fled • Built the palace at Versailles

  9. JEAN-BAPTISTE COLBERT AND MERCANITLISM • What is Mercantilism? • A national economy • Favorable balance of trade • Bullionism • Self-sufficiency • Colonies • Government regulation • Tariffs • Monopolies

  10. Foreign policy under the sun king • Balance of power • Europe ganged up on France • Many wars, not much to show for them • HUGE DEBT • The War of Spanish Succession (1700-1713) • Bourbons replace Hapsburgs in Spain • But Spain and France can never unite

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