Social Studies Test Review

1. Social Studies Test Review Test – Friday Test on: The Plains and Eastern Woodlands Indians

2. Vocabulary Words • Ancestor: An early family member. • Theory: An idea or belief. • Migration: The movement of people from one place to another • Civilization: A group of people with ways or life, religion, and learning. • Tradition: A way of life or idea handed down from the past. • Class: A group of people in a society who have something in common. • Division of Labor: Work that is divided so it is possible to produce more goods. • Palisade: A wall made of tall wooden poles to protect a village from enemies. • Longhouse: A long wooden building in which several families could live. • Wampum: Beads cut from seashells to make designs that showed important decisions, events, or stories; or traded and exchanged for goods. • Confederation: A loose group of government working together. • Wigwam: A round, bark-covered shelter. • Lodge: large, round earthen house used by Central Plains Indians. • Sod: A layer of soil held together by the roots of grasses. • Scarce: In short supply • Tepee: A cone-shape tent made from wooden poles and buffalo skin. • Travois: A carrier made of two poles fastened to a dog’s harness. • Council: A group of leaders who meet to make decisions. • Ceremony: A celebration to honor a cultural or religion event. • Artifact: An object made by human long ago.

3. The Plains • They ate: Buffalo Meat, Berries and fat, and The Three Sisters. • They collected their food by hunting, and farming. • They lived West of the Mississippi River and East of the Rocky Mountains. • They lived in tepees- made from animal hides- moveable and used by nomads.

4. The Plains cont. • They also lived in lodges made of sod. • They had ceremonies, dances, told stories, loose government , and the Great Buffalo Hunt. • The Plains people hunted buffalo for food and for materials to make clothes, tool, and shelters. • The tribes of the Central Plains were both hunters and farmers. They lived in stationary home called lodges. These tribes grew beans, corn, sunflowers – The Three Sisters. • Some tribes of the Central Plains were the Iowa, Missouri, and the Sioux.

5. The Plains cont. • The tribes of the Great Plains were nomads who hunted buffalo. Since there were few trees on the Great Plains, these groups used buffalo products for food, fuel, and shelter. They lived in moveable tepees, and carried travois on the heads as they followed buffalo herds. • Some tribes of the Great Plains were the Cheyenne, Kiowa, and Crow. • The tribes of the Plains had different forms of government. There religion also varied, but the ceremonies all honored nature. • They wore: Animal Skin, most likely buffalo.

6. The Eastern Woodlands • The tribes in the Eastern Woodland were farmers, hunters, and gatherers. • The tribes in the Eastern Woodlands used trees as a food source and the make homes and canoes. • The Iroquois lived in villages near the Great Lakes. They lived in longhouses surrounded by palisades. • The Iroquois grew three main crops: corns, beans and squash known as the three sisters. They also hunted, fished, and gathered for their food. • The Iroquois formed the 5 nations. This was a confederation, or group, made up of the Seneca , the Cayuga, the Onondaga, the Mohawk, and the Oneida tribes.

7. The Eastern Woodlands cont. • The five original tribes in the Iroquois League joined together for the common good of the tribes. • The Algonquian tribes were the Delaware, the Wampanoag, and the Powhatan. They lived in villages of longhouses or wigwams on the Costal Plain and near the Great Lakes. • Fish was an important food source for the Algonquin tribes. They did not rely much on farming because the soil along the Costal Plain was not good for growing crops, but they did gather fruits and berries from the forest. • They ate berries, cherries, plums ,and fish • They lived in the Northeast and Southeast. • They got there food by gathering, farming, hunting, and fishing. • They lived in longhouses, and wigwams. Which also had Palisades around it for protection. • They wore: Animal Skin, Moccasins ,and snowshoes.