Organization & Management MPA 505

1. Organization & Management MPA 505 Alfredo A. Derecho, MBA,DPA Southwestern University Cebu City, Philippines

2. Basic Elements of an Organization • Objectives and Mission to accomplish • Goals to achieve • Employ individuals to man the positions • Acquire and allocate resources • Use some form of structure for coordinating functions of the various units of work • Decide who among members of the working group will manage & supervise the operations

3. Organizational Models • Classical bureaucratic model • Neo-Bureaucratic Model • Institutional Model • Human Relations Model • Public Choice Model

4. Classical Bureaucratic Model • Major components: • Structure or design of the organization • Hierarchical arrangement of units & pyramidal structure in position • Division of labor – duties & power • Rules for carrying out tasks is uniformly applied • Impersonal relations among members - formal establish norms of conduct • Choice of personnel based on technical competence • The ways people and work are managed • Advocates scientific study & design of work flow & procedure • Provides sociological, psychological & economic needs of employees • Employees contribute their expertise & skills

5. Neo-Bureaucratic Model • Value orientation is still classical bureaucratic – 3 E’s • Control mechanism & structural framework same as classical bureaucratic • Focus on policy decision & justification for the use of decision-making process. – Fayol’s 14 principles of management augmented by Gulick & Urwick – POSDCORB that became the principle of Administration.

6. Institutional Model • Focuses on the organizational structure of government • Describes the relations among different hierarchical levels & studies what is being done at each level • Most concerned with constitutional, legal & administrative rules as bases for administering the affairs of the state

7. Human Relations Model • Organization is people; what counts most is individuals who fill the positions & not the positions with the description of functions to be performed • Elton Mayo’s Hawthorne experiment ushered the social system and social structure theory of organization • Human beings relate to one another thru network of sentiments & feelings • Efforts be made to achieve internal equilibrium by harmonizing personal & emotional factors of the organizations equation • Recognition of informal group & employees feelings by management

8. Public Choice Model • Theory: government is inherently inefficient that private management is better, government should emulate or defer to the private sector • Emphasizes provisioning of goods and services by decision makers at different levels • Authority should be delegated and assigned to different levels • Paradigm of “ democratic administration” • Civil service professionals to man bureaucracy

9. Nature of Administrative Organization • Organizing • Departmentalization • Coordination • Establishing clear-cut procedures and rules • Use of the hierarchical structure • Use of matrix departmentalization • Introducing dominant idea or rationale • Span of Control • Centralization vs Decentralization

10. Research Assignment-1 • Distinguish Centralization vs Decentralization • Setbacks of Decentralization • Benefits of Decentralization • Manner of Decentralization • Verdana font 12” • Double Space • January 20

11. Research Assignment-2 • Reaction paper ( articles) • Administrative Traditions • From Public Administration to Public Management, from Governance to Governmentality: Conceptual Challenges to Public Administration by Romeo Ocampo • Verdana 12 font • Double space • Deadline March 25