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STEM

STEM. Stems are adapted to different environments. Underground stems Modified for food storage ex: white potato (tuber). Runner stems Runs along the surface of the ground and reproduce quickly by asexual reproduction ex: strawberry. Climbing stems (tendrils) ex: strangler fig tree.

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STEM

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  1. STEM Stems are adapted to different environments. Underground stems Modified for food storage ex: white potato (tuber) Runner stems Runs along the surface of the ground and reproduce quickly by asexual reproduction ex: strawberry Climbing stems (tendrils) ex: strangler fig tree Cladophyll Modified for water storage and photosynthesis ex: cactus

  2. STEM Underground stems Runner stems Climbing stems (tendrils) Cladophyll

  3. Types of Stems Herbaceous stems are soft, green and juicy usually live for 1-2 years is seen in two groups of plants Woody stems are made up of thick and though tissue called wood normally live more than 2 years almost all of them are dicots ex:oak tree, maple tree dicots has vascular cambium vascular tissue is arranged in a circle ex: bean, sunflower monocots no vascular cambium vascular tissue is scattered irregularly ex: corn

  4. Types of Stems Herbaceousstems Woody stems dicots monocots

  5. Monocot and Dicot Stems Flowering plants seeds have at least one seed leaf called cotyledon, that stores food. Some seeds have one cotyledon and the plants that grow from these seeds are called dicots. Some seeds have one cotyledon and the plants that grow from these seeds are called dicots. ex: corn monocot bean dicot

  6. Monocot and Dicot Stems Monocot stems Dicot stems vascular cambium fundemental tissue

  7. Monocot and Dicot Stems Monocot stems Dicot stems

  8. Monocot and Dicot Stems Epidermis: protects the stem of herbaceous monocot and dicot plants. Cork protects the stem of woody (dicot) plants. Cortex: made up of parenchyma cells to support the stem and store food in dicot plants. Fundamental tissue: composed of parenchyma cells. In monocots, the fundamental tissue is not separated into pith and cortex. Vascular cambium: produces new xylem at the inner side and new phloem at the outer side in dicot plants.

  9. Monocot and Dicot Stems *** In a woody dicot stem, xylem produced by vascular cambium builds up as the new xylem is added and these compose annual rings of a tree. In this way plant grow wider. But phloem doesn’t build up as new phloem is formed. Because older phloem break off as layers when new ones are added. *** Because monocots don’t have vascular cambium, they don’t show secondary growth. *** In woody stems lenticels which are unsuberized permits gas exchange. In herbaceous stems, stomata permit gas exchange.

  10. Monocot and Dicot Stems

  11. LEAF

  12. Internal Structure of the Leaf Mesophyll (Photosynthethic Tissue) SPONGY PALISADE It’s below palisade layer It’s made up of irregularly shaped cells Between it’s cells there are large air spaces. It’s cells have fever chloroplasts. It’s main function is to allow diffusion of gases into the leaf. Upper portion of mesophyll It’s one or two cell layers thick Composed of tall, tightly packed cells filled with chloroplast It’s the main site of photosynthesis

  13. Internal Structure of the Leaf

  14. TYPES OF LEAF

  15. TYPES OF LEAF

  16. Differences between Monocot and Dicot Plants Seed leaves: Monocots Dicots

  17. Differences between Monocot and Dicot Plants Flowers: Monocots Dicots

  18. Differences between Monocot and Dicot Plants Leaves: Monocots Dicots

  19. Differences between Monocot and Dicot Plants Stems: Monocots Dicots

  20. Differences between Monocot and Dicot Plants Stems: Monocots Dicots

  21. Differences between Monocot and Dicot Plants Roots: Monocots Dicots

  22. Differences between Monocot and Dicot Plants

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