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Cardiovascular System

Cardiovascular System. Adapted from notes from Canton Middle School. Heart Facts. Your heart is about the size of your fist. It is made of muscle. It is on the left side of your chest. It is protected by the sternum and ribs. The Fab Four. The heart has 4 chambers that beat in rhythm.

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Cardiovascular System

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  1. Cardiovascular System Adapted from notes from Canton Middle School

  2. Heart Facts • Your heart is about the size of your fist. • It is made of muscle. • It is on the left side of your chest. • It is protected by the sternum and ribs.

  3. The Fab Four • The heart has 4 chambers that beat in rhythm. • The rhythm is controlled by the pacemaker. • The chambers are separated by valves.

  4. The Fab Four • It is split into two sides—the right and the left—separated by the septum. • The two sides are split into chambers. • The upper chambers are called right and left atrium. • The lower chambers are called right and left ventricles.

  5. With Every Beat of Your Heart • The heart beats from the top to the bottom. • The atrium beats then the ventricle beats. • The heart beat is due to the closing of the valves. • The valves in the heart keep blood flowing in ONE direction. • No back flow!!

  6. How the Heart Works • The two sides of the heart have different jobs. • Right Side—receives blood from the body that is low in oxygen and pumps it to the lungs. • Left Side—pumps oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the rest of the body.

  7. SA Node—the pacemaker • SA Node—sinoatrial node is a group of cells in the heart that create electronic impulses that makes your heart beat. • What does the SA node in the heart do? - Sharecare

  8. Heart Sounds Normal Heart Sound - YouTube Shh!! Quiet please--we are listening to a normal heart beat.

  9. Heart Sounds Shh!! We are listening to the fetal heart around 16 weeks of pregnancy. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jz5y-rKWkoE

  10. Heart Sounds • This is a heart murmur. • The sound is different from that of a normal heart beat. • This sound occurs because the valves of the heart do not open/close properly. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hYYQdyDXaS8&feature=relmfu

  11. The Bloody Truth • There are 3 types of blood vessels: 1) Arteries 2) Veins 3) Capillaries http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjNKbL_-cwA

  12. Vasculature • There are 3 types of blood vessels: 1) Arteries • Carry blood AWAY from the heart 2) Veins • Veins carry blood TOWARD the heart 3) Capillaries --Link the arteries to the veins and are the SMALLEST of the types.

  13. Vasculature: Arteries • Carry blood AWAY from the heart. • Have thick muscles around them that SQUEEZE blood. • Are responsible for the PULSE you can feel. • Largest artery is the AORTA. • It has an inside diameter about the size of your thumb.

  14. Vasculature: Veins • Carry blood TOWARDS the heart • Do NOT have thick muscles. • Do HAVE valves which keeps blood flow moving and not backing up. • Largest vein is the VENA CAVA. • Veins are “sandwiched” between skeletal muscles. Flexing the muscles helps blood flow. This is why we stretch!

  15. Vasculature: Capillaries • Capillaries link the arteries and the veins. • They deliver oxygen and other nutrients to the cells. • They have very thin walls—about 1 cell thick. • This thinness allows material to transferred easily. • This thinness also allows them to be broken easily. • This is why we bruise—broken capillaries under the surface of the skin!!

  16. The Bloody Truth • There are four components of the blood: • Plasma • Red blood cells • White blood cells • Platelets http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-sKZWqsUpw

  17. The Bloody Truth: Plasma • Plasma is the liquid part of the blood. • It makes up 55% of blood volume.

  18. The Bloody Truth: Red Blood Cells • RBCs are disc shaped. • They do NOT have a nuclei. • RBCs have a life span of 120 days. • They are made in bone marrow of long bones. • They contain hemoglobin which carries oxygen and carbon dioxide. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4HH3UXpdIFw

  19. The Bloody Truth: White Blood Cells • WBCs fight viruses, bacteria, etc. • Their numbers increase when infection is present. • WBCs are bigger than RBCs but fewer in number. • WBCs have a much shorter life span than RBCs. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnlULOjUhSQ

  20. The Bloody Truth: Platelets • Platelets are irregularly shaped fragments. • They help to clot blood. • They live for 4 to 9 days. Clotting --Platelets produce a chemical called fibrin. --Fibrin helps make sticky “spider webs” to help blood clot. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=--bZUeb83uU

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