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Introduction to Northern Eurasia

Explore the history, geography, and challenges of Northern Eurasia, encompassing the former Soviet countries. Uncover its diverse landscapes, climate, and cultural richness. Delve into the transition from communism and its environmental impacts. Learn about influential figures from this vibrant realm.

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Introduction to Northern Eurasia

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  1. Introduction to Northern Eurasia

  2. Northern Eurasia is made up of those countries that were once part of the Soviet Union

  3. Areal names of the Former Soviet Union • Czarist (Tsarist) Russia/ImperialRussia/Russian Empire • Soviet Union or USSR • Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) • Russia and the Near Abroad • Regions-European Russia, Asiatic Russia, Transcaucasus, Siberia, The Baltic States, Central Asia

  4. Regions European Russia Central Asian Republics Caucasus Siberia Baltic States Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine

  5. General Pattern of Landforms • Plains in the West • Mountains and highlands in the East • Varies to the South

  6. Major Physical Attributes: • Large size

  7. Major Physical Attributes: • Northern Location

  8. Major Physical Attributes: • Restricted access to world’s seas

  9. Major Physical Attributes: • Several large lakes and inland seas

  10. Climate • Harsh in the north and in Siberia • Humid continental in Europe • Arid/semiarid in Central Asia

  11. Four broad vegetation zones • Tundra • Forest/taiga • Grassland • Desert

  12. The physical geography of N. Eurasia has influenced its history • Western border links to Western ideas (language, culture, religion) • Huge border is difficult to protect. • Large land area and climate make it difficult to conquer • Many different ethnic groups widely dispersed • Large area is difficult to administer • Desire to gain and protect warm water ports • Vast natural resources, but difficult to exploit.

  13. Many ethnic groups with different languages and religions

  14. The core area and most of the population is located in the west--the European part of N. Eurasia

  15. Period of Communist control lasted from 1917 to 1991 1917 Revolution: to overthrow Czar Nicholas II led by the Bolsheviks Vladimir Lenin

  16. Many challenges are being faced as this realm transitions away from communism. • Economic problems--high unemployment, poor economic decisions, inefficient and outdated industries • Social problems--ethnic clashes, loss of communist safety net, organized crime

  17. Environmental degradation is one legacy of communism • Aral Sea at 60% capacity • Toxic waste • Industrial pollution

  18. Environmental degradation is one legacy of communism • Aral Sea at 60% capacity

  19. Environmental degradation is one legacy of communism • Aral Sea at 10% capacity

  20. Environmental degradation is one legacy of communism • Aral Sea

  21. Environmental degradation is one legacy of communism

  22. Environmental degradation is one legacy of communism

  23. Environmental degradation is one legacy of communism Toxic waste

  24. Environmental degradation is one legacy of communism Industrial pollution

  25. Contributions from this realm; • Peter Tchaikovski • Dostoyevsky • Leo Tolstoy • Mikhail Baryshnikov • Marc Chagall • Dmitry Mendeleyev • Igor Stravinsky • Ivan Pavlov • Sergei Prokofiev • Yuri Gagarian

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