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26:1 Origins of the Cold War

26:1 Origins of the Cold War. U.S. v. U.S.S.R. Capitalism v. Communism Democracy v. communism Nonaggression Pact Delay in Western Europe Attack Atomic Bomb. United Nations. 1945 NYC Superpowers use UN to promote own agenda Security Council v. General Assembly.

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26:1 Origins of the Cold War

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  1. 26:1 Origins of the Cold War

  2. U.S. v. U.S.S.R • Capitalism v. Communism • Democracy v. communism • Nonaggression Pact • Delay in Western Europe Attack • Atomic Bomb

  3. United Nations • 1945NYC • Superpowers use UN to promote own agenda • Security Council v. General Assembly

  4. Harry S. Truman33rd President • FDR April 12, 1945 • Clueless but decisive

  5. Potsdam ConferenceBig Three • Truman, Stalin, Churchill/Attlee • Issues • Eastern European elections • Free trade

  6. Satellite Nations • Buffer zone • Raw materials/market for goods

  7. Cold War 1945-1991 • Europe Divided • Truman foreign policy: containment • Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech

  8. Truman Doctrine • Containment • Greek Civil War • Turkey • $400 million

  9. Marshall Plan • Conditions in Europe • 1947 Secretary of State George Marshall • $13 billion to 16 countries • Western Europe and US economies flourished

  10. Marshall Plan

  11. German Reunification • Allies combine western zones • Berlin blockade

  12. Berlin Airlift • Operation Vittles • Stats • Supplies • effects

  13. Federal Republic of GermanyWest Germany German Democratic Republic East Germany

  14. NATONorth Atlantic Treaty Organization • Defensive military alliance • U.S. peacetime military alliance

  15. 26:2 Cold War Heats Up

  16. China • U.S. Chiang Kai-shek/ Nationalists • weaknesses

  17. China • U.S.S.R. Mao Zedong/ Communists • strengths

  18. China’s Civil War • U.S. sent $3 billion-no troops-Containment fails! • 2 Chinas • Nationalist China-Taiwan • People’s Republic of China

  19. South KoreaRepublic of Korea • U.S. occupied south of 38th parallel • Seoul

  20. North KoreaPeople’s Republic of Korea • USSR-north of 38th parallel • Kim Il sung • Pyongyang

  21. Korean War 1950-1953 • June 25, 1950 North invades South • United Nations • Soviet Veto? • General MacArthur-US led UN Coalition

  22. Northern Advances • Cross 38th • Take Seoul • Push to Pusan

  23. MacArthur’s Counterattack • Inchon Landing • Push north from Pusan • Trapped ½ north Korean army • N. Korean army retreats across 38th

  24. UN/US troops advance into North Korea • Cross the 38th?? • Push to the Yalu River

  25. China enters Korean War • 300,000 cross the Yalu • Push UN/US back across the 38th • Seoul • Who is fighting who???

  26. 1951 Stalemate • General Mac Arthur’s plan to end the stalemate-attack China • Blockade • Nukes • Invasion • Implications

  27. MacArthur v. Truman • Limited war in Korea • No war against China • MacArthur undermines Truman’s authority • MacArthur fired • “Old soldiers never die, they just fade away”

  28. Armistice in Korea • 38th parallel • DMZ at the 38th • Costs • 54,000 • $67 billion • Success????

  29. North v. South Korea today South: 48 million 27,700/year 57 TV stations 300,000 internet hosts North: 22 million 1,800/year 4 TV stations 3 internet hosts

  30. United States of America 307 million $47,500 2,218 TV stations 383 million internet hosts

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