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Differences

Differences. Plant: Plant cell mitosis is similar to animal cell mitosis, but there are differences. Plant cells form spindle fibers during mitosis but do not have centrioles . A structure called a cell plate forms between the two new nuclei.

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Differences

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  1. Differences • Plant: Plant cell mitosis is similar to animal cell mitosis, but there are differences. • Plant cells form spindle fibers during mitosis but do not have centrioles. • A structure called a cell plate forms between the two new nuclei. • New cell walls forms along the cell plate, then, a new cell membrane develops inside the cell walls.

  2. Living Things ReproduceAll living things reproduce in one of the following ways: Asexual reproduction - Producing offspring without the use of gametes.BOP: Give two examples- Sexual reproduction - Producing offspring by the joining of sex cells.

  3. Fertilization: is a type of sexual reproduction where there is a fusion of male (sperm) and female (egg) sex cells. • Gene: A gene is a segment of DNA that controls the protein production and the cell cycle.

  4. Meiosis • The process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half to form sex cells-egg & sperm. • Meiosis takes place in 5 stages, stages 2 & 4 have 4 phases during each stage. • Stage 1: Interphase • Stage 2: Meiosis I • Stage 3: Cytokinesis I • Stage 4: Meiosis II • Stage 5: Cytokinesis II • Stage 1: Interphase • The cell grows to its mature size. • The DNA in the cell makes a copy of itself. • 2 cylindrical structures called centrioles are also copied.

  5. Stage 2: Meiosis I (there are four phases) • Prophase I: • Chromatin in the nucleus condenses to form 23 chromosome pairs. • Centrioles move to opposite sides of the nucleus. • Spindle fibers form a bridge between the ends of the cell. • Nuclear envelope breaks down. • Metaphase I: • Chromosome pairs line up across the center of the cell. • Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers.

  6. Anaphase I: • Centromere’s split. • The chromosome pairs separate in half. • Each chromosome pair is pulled into different half of cell. • Cell stretches out as the opposite ends are pushed apart. • Telophase I: • Cytoplasm divides. • Cell splits. • A new cell membrane forms around the newly created cells. • At the end of Telophase I, 2 cells have been created. • Stage 3: Cytokinesis I • The cell divides into 2 new cells.

  7. Stage 4: Meiosis II • Prophase II: • Centrioles move to opposite sides of the nucleus. • Spindle fibers form a bridge between the ends of the cell. • Metaphase II: • Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. • Each chromosome attaches to a spindle fiber at its centromere.

  8. Anaphase II: • The centromere split. • The 2 chromatids separate. • Chromatid: ½ of a chromosome • 1 chromatid is drawn by its spindle fiber to 1 end of the cell. • The other chromatid moves to the opposite end. • Cell stretches out as the opposite ends are pushed apart.

  9. Telophase II • Chromosomes begin to stretch out & lose their rod like appearance. • A new nuclear envelope forms around each region of chromosomes. • Stage 5: Cytokinesis II • The cytoplasm divides. • 4 new cell membranes form around the 4 new cells. • The new cells have ½ of the chromosomes found in regular body cells.

  10. Video: http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120074/bio19.swf::Stages%20of%20Meiosis References: CMAPP http://www.citruscollege.edu/lc/archive/biology/Pages/Chapter09-Rabitoy.aspx

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