PISCI CULTURE

1. PISCI CULTURE PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

2. PISCI CULTURE • FISH IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT SOURCE OF FOOD FOR MAN SINCE • SEVERAL THOUSANDS OF YEARS. • FISHES ARE THE BEST SOURCE OF PROTIEN AS THEY HAVE 15 TO 25% • PROTEIN CONTENT IN THEIR MEAT . • FISH MEAT IS ALSO A GOOD SOURCES FOR VITAMIN A AND D ESSENTIAL • FATTY ACIDS CALLED UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS. • FISH MEAT IS EASILY DIGESTIBLE PROMOTS GROWTH AND IS HIGH • BIOLOGICAL VALUE. • GROWING FISHES IN LARGE NUMBERS IS CALLED “PISICULUTURE”. • DEPENDING ON THE REGION AND SEASON A WIDE VARIETY OF FISH ARE • AVAILABLEIN OUR COUNTRY. • FISHES FOUND IN RIVERS, LAKES AND POUNDS ARE CALLED • “FRESH WATER FISHES”. • FISHES LIVING IN THE SEA ARE CALLED “MARINE FISHES “. PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

3. PISCI CULTURE FRESH WATER FISHES PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

4. PISCI CULTURE FRESH WATER FISHES CHANNA PUNCTATA CYPRINUS CARPIO PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

5. PISCI CULTURE TILAPIA MOSSAMBICA LABEO ROHITA PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

6. PISCI CULTURE MARINE FISHES PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

7. PISCI CULTURE MARINE FISHES HORPODON NEHERIUS ROSTRELLIGER KANAGURTA PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

8. PISCI CULTURE HILSA HILSA PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

9. PISCI CULTURE • IN OLDEN DAYS , TRADITIONAL METHODS HAVE BEEN EMPLOYED TO • CATCH THE FISH • THESE OLD METHODS ARE UNABLE TO MEET THEDEMANDS OF EVERINCREASING POPULATION AND OF THE EXPORT MARKETS. • NOW-A-DAYS , MODERN METHODS ARE USED TO CATCH THE FISHES LIKE MECHANIZED BOATS , STRONG NYLON NETS. • GROWING OF FISHES IN RICE FIELDS IS ALSO MORE COMMON • IN VILLAGES. • FISH PRODUCTION IS CONSIDERED AS SECOND CROP • THE PRIMARY CROP IS RICE FIELDS. • TWO MAIN STAGES IN FISH FARMING ARE ; • BREEDING & COLLECTION OF EGGS. • HATCHING OF EGGS & REARING OF FISH. PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

10. PISCI CULTURE BREEDING & COLLECTION OF EGGS • MOST OF THE FISHES DO NOT BREED IN STAGNANT WATER LIKE PONDS, LAKES & RESERVOIRS & PREFER TO BREED IN THEIR NATURAL HABITATFLOWING WATER AS RIVERS . • SOME FISHES PRODUCE THOUSANDS OF EGGS WHICH STICK TO EACH OTHER FORMING A LARGE MASS THAT SETTLES DOWN TO THE BOTTOM OF THE RIVER SUCH EGG MASSES CAN BE COLLECTED FROM RIVERS WITH EASE. • SOME FISHES PRODUCE EGGS WHICH DO NOT STICK TO EACH OTHER , EACH EGG SETTLES DOWN INDIVIDUALLY ON THE BOTTOM OF RIVER & IT IS DIFFICULT TO COLLECT EGGS. • ADULT FISH WHICH ARE READY FOR BREEDING ARE CALLED “BREDERS”. • WHEN THE MONSOON SETS IN , THE FISH START BREEDING & THE EGGS ARE LAID IN THE POND, THEY(EGGS) ARE COLLECTED FROM THE POND. • OTHERWISE THE EGGS ARE ALLOWED TO HATCH IN THE POND & THE “SPAWN” ARE COLLECTED. PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

11. PISCI CULTURE • ADULT FISHES ARE MADE TO BRED IN ARTIFICIAL CONDITIONS IN • SPECIALLY DESIGNED CHAMBERS, IS CALLED “INDUCE BREEDING”. • INDUCED BREEDING IS THE BEST METHOD TO COLLECT EGGS FROM • FISHES & ALSO EXTRACT OF PITUITARY GLAND INJECTED INTO THE • FISHES, THEN RELEASED INTO SMALL TANKS WITH FLOWING WATER. • PITUITARY EXTRAT INDUCES THE RELEASE OF EGGS FROM FEMALE & • SPERMS FROM MALE FISH . • AFTER SOMETIME, THE FISHES ARE TAKEN OUT THEIR ABDOMEN IS • DRESSED GENTLY & SPERMS(CALLED MILT) & EGGS ARE COLLECTED. • THEY ARE TRANSFERRED TO A CLEAN BASIN OF WATER & MIXED WELL • TO ALLOW FERTILISATION . • AFTER FERTILISATION EGGS ARE COLLECTED THEY ARE TRANSFERRED • TO PONDS & ALLOWED TO HATCH. PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

12. PISCI CULTURE HATCHING & REARING OF FISH : • EGGS COLLECTED BY THE ABOVE MATHODS MAY BE GROWN IN NATURAL • CONDITIONS IN A POND OR IN INCUBATORS. • A CONTINOUS SUPPLY OF FLOWING WATER IS MAINTENED. • THIS MAINTAINS PROPER OXYGEN LEVELS & HELPS TO REMOVE THE • WASTE MATERIAL . • SIZE OF THE POND OR INCUBATOR , AMOUNT & CHEMICAL COMPOSITION • OF WATER & OTHER CONDITIONS ARE DIFFERENT FOR DIFFERENT TYPES • OF FISHES & THEIR EGGS. • DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF FISH , DIFFERENT TIME PERIODS ARE • REQUIRED FOR THE EGGS TO COMPLETE THE DEVELOPMENT & • YOUNGONES TO HATCH OUT, THAT FISH IS VERY SMALL MEANS “FEW MM” • IN LENGTH. • THEY TRANSFERRED TO PONDS & MAINTAINEDTILL THEY GROW TO • THE REQUIRED SIZE. PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

13. PISCI CULTURE CONTRUCTION & MAINTENANCE OF FISH POND PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

14. PISCI CULTURE SITE SELECTION THIS IS VERY IMPORTANT AS THE ENTIRE ECONOMY OF THE FISH FARM DEPENDS ON THE SITE WHERE THE POND IS CONSTRUCTED . SOIL THE SOIL IN THE POND MUST BE ABLE TO HOLD WATER . AMONG DIFFERENT TYPES OF SOILS, CLAY SOIL IS BEST SUITED AS IT ABSORBS & HOLDS WATER.AN IDEAL SITE FOR A FISH FARM WOULD BE A GENTLY SLOPING LAND WITH HIGH BANKING ON THREE SITES & AN OUTLET ONE SIDE. THIS SAVES A LOT OF EXPENDITURE BY CLOSING OR OPENING OUTLET , WATER CAN BE RETAINED TO THE DESIRE LEVEL OR DEPTH PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

15. PISCI CULTURE PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

16. PISCI CULTURE PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

17. PISCI CULTURE PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

18. PISCI CULTURE PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

19. PISCI CULTURE PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B

20. PISCI CULTURE PRIYANKA & MADHAVI 8th B