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Color on Computers

Color on Computers. Bits and Bytes. Bit: a single piece of yes/no or 0/1 data Two bits can code 4 items (00, 01, 10, 11) Three bits = 8 (000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110, 111) Zero is a perfectly good number N bits can code 2 n items 8 bits = 1 byte (code 256 items)

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Color on Computers

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  1. Color on Computers

  2. Bits and Bytes • Bit: a single piece of yes/no or 0/1 data • Two bits can code 4 items (00, 01, 10, 11) • Three bits = 8 (000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110, 111) • Zero is a perfectly good number • N bits can code 2n items • 8 bits = 1 byte (code 256 items) • 1024 (210) bytes = 1 kilobyte • 1,048,576 (220) bytes = 1 megabyte, etc.

  3. Information Coding • 1 byte = 1 text character • 16 colors = 4 bits (Red, Green, Blue, Intensity) • 256 colors = 8 bits (1 byte) • 6 levels for Red, Green, Blue + 40 user-defined • 16 million colors = 3 bytes (256 levels for Red, Green, Blue)

  4. Subtractive Colors

  5. Subtractive Colors

  6. Subtractive Colors • Always darker than the original primaries • Example: • Blue: 40% Reflectance • Yellow: 60% Reflectance • Together = Green 24% Reflectance (or less) • Combine enough subtractive colors and you eliminate all wavelengths and get black

  7. Additive Colors

  8. 16 Color Palette

  9. 256 Color Palette

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