Forestry 415 Sustainable Forest Policy

1. Overview George Hoberg Forestry 415Sustainable Forest Policy

2. Today’s Agenda • Foundations • Domain, concepts • Categories of forest policy • Analytical framework • Policy cycle • Course Materials

3. Course domain in context • Sustainability policies • Policies for natural resource management • Renewable natural resources • Forests • BC

4. Core Concepts • actions, policies, governance • actions – behavioural actions • choices by firms, consumers • produced consequences for values of concern • policies – rules produced by government that influence actions • governance – who decides the rules

5. Forest Policy Defined a purposive course of action or inaction followed by government in dealing with a matter of concern regarding the use of forest resources • conserve 50 per cent of the natural range of old growth forests Legally established Central and North Coast Amendment Order 415 - Overview

6. Sustainable Forest Policy 415 - Overview

7. Sustainable Forest Management • Our goal is to maintain the long-term health of Canada’s forest ecosystems, for the benefit of all living things, and for the social, cultural, environmental and economic well-being of all Canadians now and in the future.” 1992 Canada Forest Accord, as quoted in Luckert, Haley, Hoberg, Policies for Sustainably Managing Canada’s Forests p. 20 415 - Overview

8. Forest Policy Objectives

9. Forest Policy Objectives

10. Forest Policy Challenges • Conflict of values, interest • Spatial distribution of interest • esp rural vs urban • Long time horizons • Factual uncertainty

11. Categories of Forest Policy • Allocation of “Crown” timber-- tenure • Pricing -- stumpage • Rate of harvest – allowable annual cut (AAC) • Land Use – zoning for different values (logging, conservation, etc) • Regulation of harvesting -- Forest Practices • Emergent areas and overlaps (energy, carbon)

12. Analytical Framework: Forces at work in natural resources policy policies actions consequences

13. Analytical Framework: Forces at work in natural resources policy governance policies environment actions markets consequences

14. Analytical Framework – Environment and Markets • Environment • Biophysical environment • Resource characteristics • Markets • Prices • Exchange rates • Supply and demand • Trade restrictions

15. Analytical Framework - Governance • political dimension • who decides • who participates • vertical dimension – at what level of government • regulatory dimension – with what instruments

16. Theme • Policies are produced through governance processes, influenced by environment and markets.

17. Agenda-Setting Policy Formulation Decisionmaking Policy Implementation Monitoring and Evaluation Policy Cycle Model

18. Today’s Agenda • Foundations • Domain, concepts • Categories of forest policy • Analytical framework • Policy cycle • Course Materials • Critical Thinking assignment

19. Course materials • Syllabus • Readings • Assignments • exams • simulation • Connect Website

20. Overview readings for today • Marty Luckert, David Haley, and George Hoberg, Policies for Sustainably Managing Canada’s Forests: Provincial Tenure, Stumpage Fees, and Forest Practices, (Vancouver: UBC Press, 2011), introduction • Benjamin Cashore, George Hoberg, Michael Howlett, Jeremy Rayner, and Jeremy Wilson, In Search of Sustainability: Forest Policy in British Columbia in the 1990s, (Vancouver: UBC Press, 2001), pp. 3-7, 17, 20-29 (reading packet)

21. Professor Bio – George Hoberg • Born near Philadelphia, moved to San Francisco area for high school • BS from University of California, Berkeley (Political Economy of Natural Resources • PhD from MIT (Political Science) • Prof in UBC Political Science Department 1987-2001 – Canadian citizen in 1992 • Prof in UBC FRM Department 2001-present

22. Today’s Agenda • Foundations • Domain, concepts • Categories of forest policy • Analytical framework • Policy cycle • Course Materials • Critical Thinking assignment

23. Critical Thinking assignment • Daniel Kahan, “What Is Motivated Reasoning and How Does It Work?, Science and Religion Today May 4, 2011. • Mark Hume, “The fight to protect what’s left of old-growth forests,” Globe and Mail, March 17, 2013

24. Motivated reasoning • motivated cognition: unconscious tendency to fit processing of information to conclusions that suit some end or goal • biased information search: seeking out (or disproportionally attending to) evidence that is congruent rather than incongruent with the motivating goal • biased assimilation: crediting and discrediting evidence selectively in patterns that promote rather than frustrate the goal • identity-protective cognition: reacting dismissively to information the acceptance of which would experience dissonance or anxiety.  • Daniel Kahan, “What Is Motivated Reasoning and How Does It Work?, Science and Religion Today May 4, 2011.

25. Critical Thinking Assignment for Tuesday • Read the Hume article • Write down and bring to class: • 1 important argument in the article • Value(s) underlying that argument • Factual assertion, if any, behind the argument • Max 15 minutes of “research” to fact-check

26. Tuesday • Critical reading assignment • Evolution of BC forest policy • Readings: • Daniel Kahan, “What Is Motivated Reasoning and How Does It Work?, Science and Religion Today May 4, 2011. • BC Ministry of Forests, Lands, and Natural Resource Operations, Timber Tenures in British Columbia: Managing Public Forests in the Public Interest, June 2012, • George Hoberg, “Bringing the Market Back In: BC Natural Resource Policies During the Campbell Years,” in British Columbia Politics and Government, Micheal Howlett, Dennis Pilon, and Tracy Sommerville, eds, (Toronto: Edmond Montgomery, 2010), pp. 331-43, 349-51. (reading packet)