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Reproductive Systems

Reproductive Systems. 2 Types: Male Female. Male Reproductive System Functions:. Sperm Production Sperm Nourishment Sperm Transportation. Sperm Production. Testis. Testes : Develop in abdominopelvic cavity and descend around birth Enveloped in tunica albuginea Suspended in scrotum

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Reproductive Systems

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  1. Reproductive Systems 2 Types: Male Female

  2. Male Reproductive System Functions: • Sperm Production • Sperm Nourishment • Sperm Transportation

  3. Sperm Production Testis • Testes: • Develop in abdominopelvic cavity and descend around birth • Enveloped in tunica albuginea • Suspended in scrotum • Outside abdominopelvic cavity • Maintains lower temp. • Lobules • Smaller compartments inside testes • Seminiferous Tubules • Packed inside lobules • Lined with 2 cell types • Germ Cells • Carry out spermatogenesis • Supportive Cells • Nourish and support germ cells • Cells of Leydig/Interstitial Cells • Between seminiferous tubules • Secrete testosterone Seminiferous Tubules Lobule tunica albuginea Germinal Epithelium Supportive Cells Germ Cells Lumen – hollow space

  4. Sperm Production –Spermatogenesis Produces millions of sperm daily Begins at puberty Cells of Leydig increase in size and number Spermatogonia – divide by mitosis continuously Spermatogonia Spermatid These all mature into tadpole-like sperm (spermatozoa) Secondary spermatocytes (continue meiosis) Spermatid Primary spermatocytes (divide by meiosis) Spermatid Secondary spermatocytes (continue meiosis) Spermatid

  5. Sperm Transportation Epididymis - tightly coiled 20 ft tube - curves downward -sperm become mobile here Efferent Ductules Rete Testis Seminiferous Tubules Ejaculatory Duct - just outside prostate gland to urethra Urethra - passage for both urine and reproductive fluids - extends from urinary bladder to distal end of penis Ductus Deferens/Vas Deferens - directs upward - sperm move independently - passes through inguinal canal in abdominal wall - loops over back of bladder

  6. Sperm Nourishment Seminal Vesicles: - located at base of bladder - secretions rich in fructose - contribute 60% of fluid volume Prostate Gland: - walnut sized - located at base of bladder - thick, milky, alkaline secretions - neutralize acidic vaginal fluid Bulbourethral Glands: - pea-sized, paired - located below prostate gland - thick, clear mucus secretions - clear urethra before semen passage, lubricates

  7. Hormonal Regulation Male Hormones = ANDROGENS Hypothalamus - GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone) - targets anterior pituitary gland Anterior Pituitary Gland - Gonadotropins: LH (luteinizing hormone) - targets interstitial cells FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) - targets germinal epithelium Interstitial Cells - Testosterone stimulates sperm production develops secondary sex characteristics Germinal Epithelium responds to testosterone begins sperm production

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