Lab Safety

1. Lab Safety • Give a lab safety rule for each of the following: • Directions and Procedures: • Glassware safety: • Eye Safety: • Electrical Safety: • Speciman Safety: • Chemical Safety: • Lab Material Safety:

2. Prefixes and Suffixes • Define the following Prefixes and Suffixes and give an example. • Endo-: - Micro-: • Exo-: - Macro-: • Meso-: - -phobia: • Chloro-: - -philia: • Hyper-: - poly-: • Hypo-: - hetero-: • -itis: - homo-:

3. Scientific Method • Name the seven steps of the Scientific Method. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Why is the Scientific Method important for scientific discovery?

4. Chapter 1: Science & the Environment • Name an important effect of the hunter – gatherer period. • Name an important effect of the agricultural revolution. • Name an important effect of the Industrial Revolution. • The term used to describe the productive area of Earth needed to support the lifestyle of one person is _______. • In what ways are today’s environmental resources like the commons described in the essay “Tragedy of the Commons”?

5. Chapter 2: Tools of Environmental Science • If the results of your experiment do not support your hypothesis, what should you do? • To fully understand a complex environmental issue, what three things must you consider? • Explain the role of a control group in a scientific experiment. • Explain why environmental scientists use mathematical models. • How does making a table help you evaluate the values and concerns you have when making a decision? • How are statistics helpful for evaluating information about the environment?

6. Chapter 3: Hydrosphere & Atmosphere • Seventy-eight percent of the Earth’s Atmosphere is made up of what? • The ozone layer is located in which layer of the atmosphere? • What is the definition of convection? • Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas? Methane, water vapor, nitrogen, carbon dioxide • Liquid water turns into gaseous water vapor in a process called ____. • Why does land that is near the ocean change temperature less rapidly than land that is located farther inland?

7. Chapter 4: The Organization of Life • Which of the following components of an ecosystem are not abiotic factors? (small rocks, sunlight, tree branches, wind) • What do you call single-celled organisms that live in swamps and produce methane gas? • What is the difference between bacteria and protists concerning genetic material? • How do plants make their food? • List five components that an ecosystem must contain to survive indefinitiely. • List the six kingdoms of organisms.

8. Chapter 5: How Ecosystems Work • Communities of bacteria have been found living thousands of feet underwater where it is completely dark. How do you think these bacteria are able to make energy? • What happens to the energy lost between trophic levels? • What are major characteristics of the nitrogen cycle? • What problem is associated with excessive use of fertilizers that contain nitrogen and phosphorous? • Explain the relationship between cellular respiration and photosynthesis. • Why are decomposers an essential part of an ecosystem?

9. Chapter 7: Aquatic Biomes • What is one adaptation of animals and plants living in estuaries? • Arctic ecosystems are considered marine ecosystems. This is because ____ makes up the bottom of the food web. • Describe the major functions of wetlands importance as an aquatic biome. • What is the name of the largest freshwater marsh in the US, which provides protection to threatened and endangered species, and provides a habitat for migratory birds? • Describe major ways humans affect wetlands. • What type of vegetation dominates mangrove swamps?

10. Chapter 11: Water • Name all major processes involved in the water cycle. • Where is the largest amount of freshwater on Earth held? • Give examples point-source pollution for water resources. • Why might it be a bad idea to pump large amounts of water from a local aquifer? • Why does thermal pollution have a harmful effect on aquatic environments? • What effect can buildings and parking lots have on an aquifer’s recharge zone?

11. Chapter 12: Air • All of the following are primary pollutants except which one? (particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, ozone, VOC’s) • The majority of sulfur dioxide produced by industry comes from where? • Name a respiratory disease that is considered a long-term effect of air pollution on human health. • Name a colorless, tasteless, and odorless radioactive gas. • Label each of the following as what they would indicate on the pH scale: 9.0? 7.0? 5.0? • Give examples of zero-emissions vehicle energy alternatives.

12. Chapter 13: Atmosphere and Climate Change • The belt of prevailing winds that is produced between 30 degrees and 60 degrees north latitude, and the same southern latitude is called what? • Describe where and what is produced by an El Nino event. • In which season ( in the Northern Hemisphere), does carbon dioxide in the atmosphere decrease as a result of natural processes? • Name major sources that produce methane. • Which country decided not to ratify the Kyoto Protocol, which limited greenhouse gas emissions?