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Plains Indians

Plains Indians . By: Claire McGratton, Julia Rawson, Cristina Berardine and Alex Gault. Location. They occupied the Mississippi up into Alberta, Saskatchewan and Southern Manitoba . The Plains Indians were nomadic, therefore moved around a lot. Population .

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Plains Indians

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  1. Plains Indians By: Claire McGratton, Julia Rawson, Cristina Berardine and Alex Gault

  2. Location • They occupied the Mississippi up into Alberta, Saskatchewan and Southern Manitoba. • ThePlains Indians were nomadic, therefore moved around a lot.

  3. Population • Their were about 35000 plains people. • The different tribes were: • Assiniboine • Siksika • Kainai • A’aninin • Pikuni • Nehiyauak • Tsuu T’ina

  4. Languages • Different tribes spoke different languages. They were: • Siouan • Algonqiuian • Caddoan • Kiowan • Shoshonean • Athapascan • Shahaptian

  5. Languages • Sign Language was also a way of communicating with each other. It was very important when speaking with other tribes because they did not speak the same language.

  6. Diet • The Plains Indians would eat mainly buffalo.

  7. Diet • They also ate: • Pronghorn, whitetail, mule deer, elk, sheep, mountain goat, beaver, smaller animals, roots, berries, fish. • The major problem was that it was difficult to preserve the meat. • They preserved buffalo by making pemmican. • The also ate dogs if they had to, and sometimes they were served for ceremonial purposes.

  8. Work Roles of Men • Hunting was the number one role of men • How they hunted: • With spears, snares, bow and arrows • An annual communal hunt existed • Hunting was crucial to survival; food, shelter, clothing and tools. • They used the “head-smashed-in-buffalo-jump” in which they would chase a herd towards a cliff and they would fall over the edge.

  9. Work Role of Women • They constructed and owned the teepees • Watched the children • Made crafts; moccasins and clothes • Cooked

  10. Political Organizations • All tribes had a chief as the decision maker • Men and women were segregated by their duties • Shamans were men who tended to the ill and created medical remedies

  11. Lifestyle • The Plains People were very religious; a prayer before eating, working and in the morning • They used dog sleds for their transportation • Nomadic (they moved around and followed their food)

  12. Lifestyle Rituals • Sun Dance • Takes place during mid-summer at a pre-determined location • It is used for a request for supernatural aid or a response to a vision quest • It was over a course of 8 days, 4 days of rituals, followed by 4 days of dancing around a sacred pole • Symbolizes: capture, torture, captivity, escape and involved self-torture. • An opportunity to renew kinship ties, marriages and exchange property

  13. Lifestyle Rituals • Vision Quest • A young boy goes out into the wilderness to reflect and await a vision from a spirit guide • He has to fast from food and water for 4-5 days • The spirit guide usually presents itself in the form of a dangerous animal

  14. Housing • The Plains People lived in teepees that were easily constructed and mobile • The bottom of the teepee was egg shaped for maximum room • A smoke hole provided them to have fires within the teepee and improved ventilation • The teepee was made from dried animal hide

  15. Housing

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