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Historiography

Historiography. How Historians Work. Historiography. Ideas and methods that historians use to research and present history. Like detectives investigating modern day crimes…. Historians look for evidence to answer questions.

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Historiography

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  1. Historiography How Historians Work

  2. Historiography Ideas and methods that historians use to research and present history

  3. Like detectives investigating modern day crimes… • Historians look for evidence to answer questions • Evidence is found in sources that could be anything that survives from the past or tells us about the past Evidence Sources

  4. Types of Sources • Primary-information recorded at or about the same time as the event • Examples-diaries, autobiographies, some documents, buildings, artifacts • Secondary-contains interpretations or collections of primary source material • Examples-textbooks, encyclopedias Primary Secondary

  5. Point of View The way a person or group of people sees things. (Also called perspective or bias.)

  6. Point of View is influenced by… • Frame of reference-the personal background of the person/group such as gender, education, beliefs, and experiences • Historical context-the influence of the time period (values, beliefs, or events) on a person Frame of Reference Historical Context

  7. How can you spot point of view? • Language-check the use of certain emotionally charged words called “loaded words.” • Balance-by leaving out or putting in certain information, or by emphasizing or highlighting other ideas • Check author’s background

  8. Why does POV or Bias occur? • Intentional POV occurs when a source is deliberately distorted by telling lies, leaving out important facts or using extreme language (advertisements) • POV can occur because of limited access to information

  9. Why does POV or Bias Occur? • POV can occur because there is a particular purpose behind the source. Records are not usually created for the benefit of historians, they are produced for other reasons (political campaigns) • POV might also occur because the beliefs or feelings of an individual or group blind them from viewing things objectively

  10. How do historians evaluate evidence found in sources? • Check meaning-what do the words actually say? Has the meaning of the word changed over time? • Check reliability- • Who, when, where, and why was source produced? • Was the author present at the event? • Do other sources say the same thing? Is there corroboration and consistency within the source and between sources? Meaning Reliability

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