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Chapter 8, Global Inequality 

Chapter 8, Global Inequality . Social Change: Inequality and Development Global Poverty and Dependence Competition, Change and International Relationships. Most-to-least Developed Countries. Most developed - countries of North America and Western Europe along with Australia and New Zealand.

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Chapter 8, Global Inequality 

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  1. Chapter 8, Global Inequality  • Social Change: Inequality and Development • Global Poverty and Dependence • Competition, Change and International Relationships

  2. Most-to-least Developed Countries • Most developed - countries of North America and Western Europe along with Australia and New Zealand. • Less-developed - the former Soviet Union’s sphere of influence along with nations in Asia and Latin America.

  3. Most-to-least Developed Countries • Least-developed - the remaining 75% of the world’s political entities.Includes populous nations like India and China, along with many nations of Asia, the Middle East, and especially, Sub-Saharan Africa.

  4. Theories of Development • Modernization: Less-developed countries will adopt the technology and social institutions used by the developed countries. • World system theory: views the world as a single economic system in which core societies control world resources at the expense of peripheral societies.

  5. Sustainable Development Necessary to: • Reduce levels of absolute poverty so that more people can produce and consume. • Reduce rates of population growth.

  6.  Forms of Economic Dependency Banana republic • Dependent on producing agricultural commodities for export. • The costs of imported goods exceeds the returns on exports • “banana republics” become less able to attend to domestic production necessary for their own people.

  7.  Forms of Economic Dependency Industrial dependency • Occurs when least developed nations provide cheap labor to foreign industrial corporations. Foreign capital dependency • Occurs in the least developed nations when a powerful local elite invites foreign investment.

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