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Understanding Group Dynamics and Transition Stages in Group Work

Explore the stages and transitions in group dynamics, from formation to closure, in group work settings. Learn about essential concepts, challenges, and accomplishments as groups progress through different phases. Gain insight into individual and group development within collaborative settings.

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Understanding Group Dynamics and Transition Stages in Group Work

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  1. Chapter 2: Group Work: Stages and Issues Introduction to Group Work, 5th Edition Edited by David Capuzzi, Douglas R. Gross, and Mark D. Stauffer

  2. Stages and Transitions • Early Conceptualizations • Bennis and Sheppard (1956) • Developmental stages of groups in terms of an dependence/independence cycle • Dependence—flight • Counterdependence—fight • Resolution—catharsis • Enchantment—flight • Disenchantment—fight • Consensual validation

  3. Stages and Transitions • Current Conceptualizations • Groups move through six different stages • Formation: Pre-group planning • Member inclusion (orientation, security) • Member interaction (storming, transition, conflict, acceptance) • Member and group cohesion (norming, action, conflict, responsibility, cohesiveness) • Member and group achievement (performing, working) • Member and group parting (adjourning, termination, closing)

  4. Stage One • Labeled by terms forming, exploratory, orientation, security • Includes preparatory work that needs to take place prior to group formation • Member inclusion in the group process • A period of definition for group members • Characterized by anxiety and dependence

  5. Stage Two • Labeled by terms storming, transition, conflict, acceptance, orientation • Characterized by active personal involvement • Action and reaction • Movement from passive involvement to risk taking

  6. Stage Three • Labeled by terms norming, action, conflict, responsibility, and transition • Cohesiveness • Standardization • Role clarification • Intimacy • Inclusion • Conflict resolution

  7. Stages Four, Five, and Six • Labeled by terms performing, termination, cohesiveness, consolidation, and follow-up • Developing roles • Resolving issues • Self-disclosure • Honesty • Behavioral reaffirmations • Ending

  8. Definitive Stage (Capuzzi & Gross) • Formative/developmental • Characteristic questions • “Can I fit into this type of group?” • “Can I trust the leader and other members?” • “Will I be hurt?

  9. Personal Involvement Stage (Capuzzi & Gross) • Action • Reaction • Interaction • Characteristic statements • “I need.” • “I care.”

  10. Group Involvement Stage (Capuzzi & Gross) • Self-evaluation and assessment • Cooperation • Cohesiveness • Problem exploration • Characteristic references • “Insider” • “Outsider”

  11. Enhancement and Closure Stage (Capuzzi & Gross) • Closure • Evaluation • Characteristic statements • “I was…, now I am…” • “I felt…, now I feel…” • “I didn’t…, now I do…” • “I couldn’t…, now I can…”

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