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Learn about the reasons behind food taboos in different cultures, such as the cow in India, dogs in the United States, and pork in ancient Egypt and Israel. Understand how cultural practices influence food preferences and create diverse culinary traditions.
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New collegeEnglish Book Two
Unit Six Food
I Preparation II Reading Activities IV Translation & Writing III Further Development Unit Six
Part I Preparation 1. Check Your Vocabulary 2. How Much Do You Know About Food? 3. Comparing Diets
Activity 1 Check Your Vocabulary Directions: Work in groups to list as many foods and drinks as you can.
Activity 1 Check Your Vocabulary • vegetable • asparagus 芦笋bamboo shoots 竹笋bean sprout豆芽beet 甜菜broccoli 花椰菜broad bean 蚕豆cabbage 洋白菜celery 芹菜cauliflower 菜花cucumber 黄瓜fennel 茴香greens 青菜leek 韭葱lettuce 莴苣pepper 胡椒 rape 油菜soybean 黄豆spinach 菠菜squash 西葫芦tomato 番茄turnip 萝卜wild rice stem 茭白
Activity 1 Check Your Vocabulary • fig 无花果grapefruit 西柚honeydew melon 香瓜kiwi fruit 猕猴桃litchi 荔枝mango 芒果mulberry 桑椹 peach 桃子pineapple 菠萝plum 洋李sugarcane 甘蔗
Activity 1 Check Your Vocabulary Coca-Cola, tea, coffee, beer, wine, orange juice, apple cider, milk shake, lemonade, spirits, whisk(e)y, soft drinks, mineral water, soda pop, apple jack roast duck, fried noodle, preserved eggs, pork dumpling, hamburger, hot dogs, French fries, sandwich, beef steak bacon, beef, chicken, chop, cutlet, ham, lamb, mutton, pork, roast, sausage, stew, steak, turkey barley, buck-wheat, maize/ corn, millet, oat, rice, sorghum, wheat words about cooking cooking oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar, MSG, steam, stew, fry, bake, boil
Activity 2 How Much Do You Know About Food? Directions: Here is a questionnaire about food and diet. Answer the questions to find out how much you know about food.
Activity 3 Comparing Diets? STEP ONELook at the diet below. It shows what a 10-year-old British boy eats on a typical day. Work in pairs to decide whether this is a healthy diet. STEP TWOWrite down what you usually eat every day and compare it with the food your partner has. Then talk with your partner how your/his/her diet could be improved.
Activity 3 Comparing Diets? STEP ONELook at the diet below. It shows what a 10-year-old British boy eats on a typical day. Work in pairs to decide whether this is a healthy diet.
Activity 3 Comparing Diets? STEP TWOWrite down what you usually eat every day and compare it with the food your partner has. Then talk with your partner how your/his/her diet could be improved.
Sample Activity 3 Comparing Diets? • Student ABreakfast: two baozi, a cup of milk, one eggLunch: rice, fish, beef, chicken soupSupper:jiaozi, pork, fish soup • Two kinds of diets • Student BBreakfast: some porridge, one boiled egg, one mantouLunch: rice, vegetables, bean curdSupper: noodles, potato, egg soup
Activity 3 Comparing Diets? Sample • Advice on the improvement of the two diets:Student A should have more vegetables every day, while student B should have some meat and milk every day. Both of them should add some varieties to their diet so that they may get a balanced diet to provide them with all the necessary nutrients the body needs.
Part II Reading Activities 1. Pre-reading Questions 2. Text Organization 3. Sentence Study 4. Words & Phrases
Can you give the reasons why the cow is regarded as food taboo in India? Pre-reading Questions 1. Cows help plow the fields. 2. Cow manure can be used as fertilizer. 3. Cow manure can be dried and burned to make a cooking fire.
Are you able to offer the reasons why dogs are viewed as food taboo in the United States? Pre-reading Questions 1. Dogs serve as companions for people. 2. Dogs serve as protection against thieves.
Can you provide the reasons why the pork is seen as food taboo in ancient Egypt and Israel? Pre-reading Questions 1. People did not want to stay in one place. 2. Pork cooked insufficiently may spread disease.
Text Organization Para.1 Peoplefrom different cultureseat different kinds of food. Para. 2-6 The reasons why people have preference to different foods. Para. 7 Anthropologists believe that most food likes and dislikes are a result of the ways of life of different people.
Sentence Study 1. As a result, people from one culture often think the foods that people from another culture eat are disgusting or nauseating. (Line 2) as a result: 结果······（作状语） 相当于so, therefore, etc.，常用于句首，也可用于句末，表示因果关系，亦可作插入语。
She studied hard. As a result, she made rapid progress in the studies. He slipped and broke his leg. As a result, he will have to be away from school for two or three months. Sentence Study 她学习非常用功，学业有了长足的进步。 他滑倒之后摔断了腿，不得不休学两个月。
The party tonight is beautiful as a result of you． Meanwhile other events had occurred as a result of this war. Sentence Study 比较：as a result of表示“由于······的原因，由······引起的” 今天的晚会因你而美丽。 因这场战争引起的其他事情也随之发生。
Sentence Study 1. As a result, people from one culture often think the foods that people from another culture eat are disgusting or nauseating. (Line 2) 因此，来自一种文化的人常常会认为来自另一种文化的人所吃的一些食物是难以忍受或令人作呕的。
Sentence Study 2. For example, broccoli is first on a list ofthe most nutritious common vegetables, but it is twenty-first on a list of vegetables that Americans like most to eat.(Line 12) be first/second on a list of… 在······名单中名列第一/二
You are always first on the listof things that I need most. Who is first on the list of pop stars this week? The list changes faster than you can imagine. Sentence Study 你总是我最需要的时候想到的第一人。 ——谁是本周流行榜第一？ ——流行榜的变化，快得让你难以想象。
Sentence Study 2. For example, broccoli is first on a list ofthe most nutritious common vegetables, but it is twenty-first on a list of vegetables that Americans like most to eat.(Line 12) 例如，花椰菜在营养最丰富的常见蔬菜中排名第一，但它在美国人最喜欢的蔬菜中名列第二十一。
Sentence Study 3. Thieves will not usually enter a house where there is a dog because the dog will bark and possibly attack a stranger who is trying to get into a house.(Line 43) where there is a dog 是定语从句，修饰a house, 关系副词where 在定语从句中作状语； because引导的是原因状语从句，说明Thieves will not usually enter a house 的原因； who is trying to get into a house是定语从句，修饰先行词a stranger。
Sentence Study 完成下面的句子。 They generally go to places ________ the air is clean and the scenery is beautiful. A) there B) when C) which D) where
Sentence Study 3. Thieves will not usually enter a house where there is a dog because the dog will bark and possibly attack a stranger who is trying to get into a house.(Line 43) 盗贼一般不进入有狗的住宅，因为狗会吠叫，而且可能会袭击试图进入屋子的陌生人。
Sentence Study 4. There is some evidence that some ancient Egyptians did not eat pork.(Line 47) that引导的是同位语从句，对与之同位的名 词作进一步的解释，同位语从句一般只由 that引导, 常用在idea, fact, concept, doubt, news, belief, hope, evidence, explanation, opinion, plan, proposal, sign, suggestion, truth, theory, thought等抽象名词后。
Sentence Study 完成下面的句子。 There are signs ______ restaurant are becoming more popular with families. A) that B) which C) in which D) whose
Sentence Study 4. There is some evidence that some ancient Egyptians did not eat pork.(Line 39) 有迹象表明一些古埃及人不食猪肉。
应该在适当的时间公布事情的真相。 It is reported that the President’s speech to the black voters __________________________________. （非常符合时宜） Words & Phrases 1. appropriate(Line 7, Para. 1) adj. correct or suitable for a particular time, situation, or purpose 适当的, 恰当的 The truth of the matter should be released at an appropriate time. was quite appropriate for/to the occasion
Words & Phrases vt. 1) put on one side for a special purpose 拨款用做某种特殊用途 学校准备为那项研究计划拨款。 Our school was prepared to appropriate money for that research program. vt. 2) take and use as one’s own 占用，侵吞；盗用，挪用 你不应该剽窃他的创意。 You should not appropriate his originality.
Words & Phrases 2. nutrition(Line 12, Para. 3) n. the process of supplying and receiving nourishment; the science of food values 营养（作用）；营养学 今天的人们越来越关注食品的营养与保健功能。 Today’s people pay more and more attention to the nutrition and health care of food.
Words & Phrases 形容词形式： nutritiousadj. nourishing; having high value as food 营养的；多滋养的 The nutritious foods _________________ of that brand moved off recently. 那个品牌的营养食品十分畅销。
the nutritive values 名词派生词：nutritionist营养学家 Words & Phrases nutritive adj. serving as food; of nutrition 用作食物的；营养的 Biologists of that laboratory are researching __________ ______ of agarics. 那个实验室的生物学家们正在研究木耳的营养价值。
他的风衣(dustcoat)能够很好地为他挡雨。 Words & Phrases 3. protection(Line 42, Para. 5) n. the act of protecting from harm or being kept from harm 保护 动词形式: protect vt. keep safe (from danger, enemies; against attack) 保护（常与介词from或against连用） His dustcoat provided him with good protection against rain.
That newly-upgraded virus- killing software gave her computer _____________________________ ________________. 那款新升级的杀毒软件可以很好地保 护她的电脑不受各种电脑病毒的攻击。 strong protection against all kinds of computer viruses Words & Phrases
Apparently, the email services are still the most important function of the Internet. That woman ____________________ when she heard the news that her son had already been set free by the kidnappers. 很明显，当听到绑匪已经释放了自己儿子的消息后，那 位妇女感到如释重负。 Words & Phrases 4. apparently (Line 45, Para. 5) adv. obviously, evidently, seemingly 显然，看来 很明显，电子邮件服务仍然是因特网的最主要功能。 was apparently relieved
Words & Phrases 形容词形式：apparent adj. clearly seen or understood 明显的； 显而易见的；明白的 It was apparent that _________________ the US government knew nothing about its Chinese counterpart’s efforts on the protection of the Intellectual Property Right (IPR). 很明显，美国政府对于中国政府在保护知识产权方面的 努力知之甚少。
那起谋杀案是什么时候发生的？ 不要让这种错误再次发生。 Words & Phrases 5. occur(Line 47, Para. 6) vi. 1) take place; happen 发生 When did that murder occur? Don’t let the mistake occur again.
哈利·波特很快想到了一个新的主意。 我从未想到他竟反对得如此厉害。 Words & Phrases 2) (with to) come into one’s mind （与to 连用） 想起；想到 Instantly a new idea occurred to Harry Potter. That he should have some deep personal objection had never occurred to me.
Part III Further Development 1. Preparing food 2. Our eating habits
1. Preparing Food Directions:You arrive late at a friend’s holiday house. All the shops are shut and you would like to make a nice meal for yourself and the person you are with. You are both hungry. You look in the cupboard and in the fridge and besides the basics such as salt, pepper, spices (用于调味的香料), oil and sugar, you find:
1. Preparing Food • a few onions and tomatoes • one chicken leg • a tin of tuna (金枪鱼) • a jar of strawberry jam • a tin of pineapple • a packet of rice • a tin of yogurt (酸乳酪，酸奶) • four potatoes • a tin of dried milk • a tin of baked beans • six eggs • five apples
