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CCNA Voice 640-461 Cert Guide

CHAPTER 6 Understanding the CME Dial-Plan. CCNA Voice 640-461 Cert Guide. Analog Voice Port Configuration: Foreign Exchange Station Ports (FXS): Used to connect analog devices such as analog phones, fax machines or modems to the router.

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CCNA Voice 640-461 Cert Guide

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  1. CHAPTER 6 Understanding the CME Dial-Plan CCNA Voice 640-461 Cert Guide

  2. Analog Voice Port Configuration: • Foreign Exchange Station Ports (FXS): Used to connect analog devices such as analog phones, fax machines or modems to the router. • Foreign Exchange Office Ports (FXO): Used to connect to the PSTN central office (CO) or a Private Branch Exchange (PBX) • Use the Router#show voice port summary

  3. Analog Voice Port Configuration: • Configure FXS: • Signaling • Caller ID information • Call progress tone

  4. Analog Voice Port Configuration: • Configure FXO: • Dial-type • Ring number (rings before answering)

  5. Digital Voice Port Configuration: • T1 or E1 Voice and WAN Interface Cards (VWIC) • Must be configured before using (unlike FXO or FXS) • Can use Channel Associated Signaling (CAS) • Can also use Common Channel Signaling (CCS) • Router(config)#controller t1 1/0 • Router(config-controller)#framing esf • Router(config-controller)#clock source line • NOTE: Better to use line clocking provided from PSTN or provider • Router(config-controller)#ds0-group 1 timeslots 1-24 type fxo-loop-start

  6. Digital Voice Port Configuration: • Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) Primary Rate Interface (PRI) • Uses Chanel Associated Signaling (CAS) • Router(config)#isdn switch-type primary-5ess • Router(config)#controller t1 1/0 • Router(config-controller)#pri-group timeslots 1-24 • Router(config-controller)#show voice port summary

  7. Configuring Dial Peers: • POTS dial peer: Used to define voice reachability information for any traditional (analog) connection • VoIP dial peer:Used to define any voice connection available through IP addressing

  8. Call Legs: • Any voice connection too or from a voice port or connection or voice device • Call Leg 1:The incoming POTS call leg from x1101 on CME_A • Call Leg 2: The outgoing VoIP call leg from CME_A to ROUTER_B • Call Leg 3: The incoming VoIP call leg on ROUTER_B from CME_A • Call Leg 4: The outgoing POTS call leg to x2510 from ROUTER_B

  9. Configuring POTS Dial Peers for FXS Ports: CME_A(config)#dial-peer voice 1101 pots CME_A(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 1101 CME_A(config-dial-peer)#port 0/0/0 CME_A(config-dial-peer)#exit CME_A(config)#dial-peer voice 1102 pots CME_A(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 1102 CME_A(config-dial-peer)#port 0/0/1

  10. Configuring Dial Peers: • Router#show dial-peer voice summary

  11. Configuring POTS Dial Peer for T1: Router_B(config)#dial-peer voice 2000 pots Router_B(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 2… Router_B(config-dial-peer)#no digit-strip Router_B(config-dial-peer)#port 1/0:23

  12. Configuring VoIP Dial Peer: CME_A(config)#dial-peer voice 2000 voip CME_A(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 2… CME_A(config-dial-peer)#session target ipv4:10.1.1.2 CME_A(config-dial-peer)#codec g711ulaw • If the configured codec does not match the opposite end then the call will fail. The default codec is G.729 Router_B(config)#dial-peer voice 1000 voip Router_B(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 1… Router_B(config-dial-peer)#session target ipv4:10.1.1.1 Router_B(config-dial-peer)#codec g711ulaw

  13. Using Dial-Peer Wildcards: • Period (.): Will match any digit • Plus(+): matches one or more instances of the preceding digits • Brackets ([]): Matches a range of digits • T: matches any dialed number from 0-32 digits • Carrot (^): Does not match • Comma (,): Inserts a one-second pause between dialed digits • Example: • 555[1-3]… Matches: 5551…, 5552…, 5553… (Where … is any three digits) • 5+23 Matches 5523, 55523, 55523 • [14-6]555 Matches 1555, 4555, 5555, 6555 • 55[59]12 Matches 55512, 55912 • [^1-7]..[135] Matches 8..1, 8..3, 8..5, 9..1, 9..3, 9..5 (Where is any two digits)

  14. Digit Manipulation:

  15. Digit Manipulation Problem:

  16. Digit Manipulation Problem Answer:

  17. North American Dial Plan: • [2-9]…… Used for 7-digit dialing • [2-9]..[2-9]…… Used for 10-digit dialing • 1[2-9]..[2-9]…… Used for 11-digit dialing • [469]11 Used for service numbers • 011T Used for international dialing

  18. North American Dial Plan: Router(config)#dial-peer voice 90 pots Router(config-dial-peer)#description Service Dialing Router(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 9[469]11 Router(config-dial-peer)#forward-digits 3 Router(config-dial-peer)#port 1/0:1 Router(config-dial-peer)#dial-peer voice 91 pots Router(config-dial-peer)#description 10-Digit Dialing Router(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 9[2-9]..[2-9]…… Router(config-dial-peer)#forward-digits 10 Router(config-dial-peer)#port 1/0:1 Router(config-dial-peer)#dial-peer voice 92 pots Router(config-dial-peer)#description 11-Digit Dialing Router(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 91[2-9]..[2-9]…… Router(config-dial-peer)#forward-digits 11 Router(config-dial-peer)#port 1/0:1 Router(config-dial-peer)#dial-peer voice 93 pots Router(config-dial-peer)#description International Dialing Router(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 9011T Router(config-dial-peer)#prefix 011 Router(config-dial-peer)#port 1/0:1

  19. Private Line Automatic Ringdown (PLAR): Router(config)#voice-port 2/0/0 Router(config-voiceport)#connection plar 1500 Router(config-voiceport)#voice-port 2/0/1 Router(config-voiceport)#connection plar 1500

  20. Call Processing: • Most specific pattern wins • Once a match is found the call is processed • Router(config)#dial-peer voice 1 voip • Router(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 555[1-3]… • Router(config-dial-peer)#session target ipv4:10.1.1.1 • Router(config-dial-peer)#dial-peer voice 2 voip • Router(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 5551… • Router(config-dial-peer)#session target ipv4:10.1.1.2 • If a user dials 5551234 dial-peer 2 will be used because it is a more specific match

  21. Call Processing: • Most specific pattern wins • Once a match is found the call is processed • Router(config)#dial-peer voice 1 voip • Router(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 555[1-3]… • Router(config-dial-peer)#session target ipv4:10.1.1.1 • Router(config-dial-peer)#dial-peer voice 2 voip • Router(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 5551… • Router(config-dial-peer)#session target ipv4:10.1.1.2 • Router(config-dial-peer)#dial-peer voice 3 voip • Router(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 5551 • Router(config-dial-peer)#session target ipv4:10.1.1.3 • If a user dials 5551234 dial-peer 3 will be used because it is a more specific match. Router will drop the last three digits and only route the 5551 (Useful for emergency calls)

  22. Matching Inbound and Outbound Dial Peers: Match the dialed number (DNIS) using the incoming called numberdial peer Match the called ID information (ANI) using the answer-address dial-peer configuration Match the caller ID information (ANI) using the destination-pattern dial-peer configuration Match an incoming POTS dial peer by using the port dial-peer configuration If no match has been found using the previous four methods, use dial peer 0

  23. Call Leg 1: (No Match) 2510 The dialed number does not match an incoming called-number dial peer (No Match) x1101 Caller ID information (ANI) does not match the answer-address dial peer configuration on CME_A (No Match) x1101 Caller ID information (ANI) does not match the destination-pattern dial peer configuration on CME_A (Match) x1101 comes in FXS port 1/0/0 which matches an incoming POTS dial peer on CME_A by using the port dial peer configuration command

  24. Call Leg 3: (No Match) 2510 The dialed number does not match an incoming called-number dial peer on ROUTER_B (No Match) x1101 Caller ID information (ANI) does not match the answer-address dial peer configuration on ROUTER_B (Match) x1101 Caller ID information (ANI) does match the destination-pattern dial peer configuration command for the VoIP dial peer 1101 on ROUTER_B

  25. Call Leg 4: (No Match) 2510 The called number does not match an incoming called number (No Match) x1101 Caller ID information (ANI) does not match the answer-address dial peer configuration on ROUTER_B (No Match) x1101 Caller ID information (ANI) does not match the destination-pattern dial peer configuration (No Match) x1101 did not come into a POTS interface (FXS, FXO, E&M, Voice BRI/T1/E1 digital interface that could be matched using the port command. It came via VoIP (Match) Because ROUTER_B could not find a match it will use dial peer 0

  26. Dial Peer 0: • Default Dial Peer • Uses any voice codec (Not hard coded) • No DTMF relay: DTMF relay sends dial tones outside of the audio stream • IP Precedence 0: Strips all QoS markings. Calls will now be sent as if they were normal data • Voice Activity Detection (VAD) enabled: Allows bandwidth savings by not transmitting dead time • No Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) support: The router will not reserve end-to-end bandwidth • Fax-rate voice: The router will limit fax bandwidth to that of the VoIP codec. Can devastate fax calls • No application support: calls cannot be referred to outside applications • No Direct Inward Dial (DID) support: Cannot use the DID feature to forward calls to an internal device from an PSTN source

  27. Digit Manipulation: • prefix digits: Allows for digits to be added to be specified • forward-digits number: Allows for the number of digits that will be forwarded • [no] digit-strip: Enables (default) or disables digit stripping • num-exp: Transforms any number dialed that matches pattern. Example: num-exp 4… 5… Call 4321 converted to 5321 • Example: num-exp 0 5000 Call 0 converted to 5000 • voice translation profile: Allows a translation profile of up to 15 rules to be transform the number

  28. POTS Failover: • If the VoIP network fails, the phone system should automatically switch to the POTS system

  29. POTS Failover Configuration: Arizona(config)#dial-peer voice 10 voip Arizona(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 6… Arizona(config-dial-peer)#session target ipv4:10.1.1.2 Arizona(config-dial-peer)#preference 0 Arizona(config-dial-peer)#dial-peer voice 11 pots Arizona(config-dial-peer)#destination pattern 6… Arizona(config-dial-peer)#port 1/0:1 Arizona(config-dial-peer)#preference 1 Arizona(config-dial-peer)#no digit-strip Arizona(config-dial-peer)#prefix 1512555 Texas(config)#dial-peer voice 10 voip Texas(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 5… Texas(config-dial-peer)#session target ipv4:10.1.1.1 Texas(config-dial-peer)#preference 0 Texas(config-dial-peer)#dial-peer voice 11 pots Texas(config-dial-peer)#destination pattern 5… Texas(config-dial-peer)#port 1/0:1 Texas(config-dial-peer)#preference 1 Texas(config-dial-peer)#no digit-strip Texas(config-dial-peer)#prefix 1480555

  30. Using num-exp to Transform numbers: Router(config)#voice-port 1/0/1 Router(config-voiceport)#connection plar 0 Router(config-voiceport)#exit Router(config)#num-exp 0 5000 • Connects any dialed 0, to the receptionist within the company at extension 5000

  31. POTS Lines for Emergency Calls: Remote_RTR(config)#dial-peer voice 10 pots Remote_RTR(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 911 Remote_RTR(config-dial-peer)#port 1/0/0 Remote_RTR(config-dial-peer)#no digit strip Remote_RTR(config-dial-peer)#dial-peer voice 11 pots Remote_RTR(config-dial-peer)#destination pattern 9911 Remote_RTR(config-dial-peer)#port 1/0/0 Remote_RTR(config-dial-peer)#forward-digits 3 Remote_RTR(config-dial-peer)#dial-peer voice 12 pots Remote_RTR(config-dial-peer)#destination pattern 911 Remote_RTR(config-dial-peer)#port 1/0/1 Remote_RTR(config-dial-peer)#no digit-strip Remote_RTR(config-dial-peer)#dial-peer voice 13 pots Remote_RTR(config-dial-peer)#destination pattern 9911 Remote_RTR(config-dial-peer)#port 1/0/1 Remote_RTR(config-dial-peer)#forward-digits 3

  32. POTS Lines for Emergency Calls:

  33. Translation Rule: • Define the rules that dictate how the router will transform the number • Associate the rules to a profile • Associate the profile to a dial peer • Format: rule 1 /match/ /set/ Router(config)#voice translation-rule 1 Router(config-translation-rule)#rule 1 /6/ /5/ • Match the number “6” and replace with a “5”

  34. Translation Profile: • Define the rules that dictate how the router will transform the number • Associate the rules to a profile • Associate the profile to a dial peer Router(config)#voice translation-profile CHANGE_DID Router(config-translation-profile)#translate called 1 Router(config-translation-profile)#dial-peer voice 100 pots Router(config)#dial-peer voice 100 pots Router(config-dial-peer)#translation-profile incoming CHANGE_DID

  35. Translation Profile:

  36. Translation Order: num-exp Applied 1st Automatic digit strip (POTS dial peers) Applied 2nd Voice translation profiles Applied 3rd Prefix digits Applied 4th forward-digits Applied 5th

  37. Class of Restriction (COR): • Prevent employees from making international calls but allow management • Block high cost numbers such as 1-900 • Prevent certain internal phones from reaching executive office numbers

  38. Class of Restriction (COR): • Defining COR List Tags • Router(config)#dial-peer cor custom • Router(config-dp-cor)#name 911 • Router(config-dp-cor)#name LOCAL • Router(config-dp-cor)#name LD • Create Outgoing COR List • Router(config)#dial-peer corlist 911-CALL • Router(config-dp-corlist)#member 911 • Router(config-dp-corlist)#exit • Router(config)#dial-peer cor list LOCAL-CALL • Router(config-dp-corlist)#member LOCAL • Router(config-dp-corlist)#exit • Router(config)#dial-peer cor list LD-CALL • Router(config-dp-corlist)#member LD • Router(config-dp-corlist)#exit

  39. Class of Restriction (COR): • Defining Incoming COR Lists • Router(config)#dial-peer cor list 911-ONLY • Router(config-dp-corlist)#member 911 • Router(config-dp-corlist)#exit • Router(config)#dial-peer cor list 911-LOCAL • Router(config-dp-corlist)#member 911 • Router(config-dp-corlist)#member LOCAL • Router(config-dp-corlist)#exit • Router(config)#dial-peer cor list 911-LOCAL-LD • Router(config-dp-corlist)#member 911 • Router(config-dp-corlist)#member LOCAL • Router(config-dp-corlist)#member LD • Router(config-dp-corlist)#exit

  40. Class of Restriction (COR): • Assigning Outbound and Inbound COR Lists • Router(config)#dial-peer voice 10 pots • Router(config-dial-peer)#corlist outgoing 911-CALL • Router(config-dial-peer)#exit • Router(config)#dial-peer voice 11 pots • Router(config-dial-peer)#corlist outgoing LOCAL-CALL • Router(config-dial-peer)#exit • Router(config)#dial-peer voice 12 pots • Router(config-dial-peer)#corlist outgoing LD-CALL • Router(config-dial-peer)#exit • Router(config)#ephone-dn 1 • Router(config-ephone-dn)#corlist incoming 911-ONLY • Router(config-ephone-dn)#exit • Router(config)#ephone-dn 2 • Router(config-ephone-dn)#corlist incoming 911-LOCAL • Router(config-ephone-dn)#exit • Router(config)#ephone-dn 3 • Router(config-ephone-dn)#corlist incoming 911-LOCAL-LD • Router(config-ephone-dn)#exit

  41. Class of Restriction (COR): • Rules: • If there is no outgoing COR list applied then the call is always routed • If there is no incoming COR list applied then the call is always routed

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