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Splash Screen. Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. Intro 1. Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. Section 1-5. The Song Dynasty (cont.). During the 1200s, the Mongols– a nomadic people from the Gobi–built a vast empire. . (pages 249–250).

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Splash Screen

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  1. Splash Screen

  2. Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. Intro 1

  3. Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. Section 1-5

  4. The Song Dynasty (cont.) During the 1200s, the Mongols– a nomadic people from the Gobi–built a vast empire. (pages 249–250) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 1-16

  5. The Song Dynasty (cont.) Using the civil service exam to pick civil servants by merit undermined the power of the aristocrats and created a new class of scholar-gentry.  Passing the exam was crucial for a government career. Preparation for it began at a young age.  For years, students memorized many Confucian classics.  A text’s meaning was explained only after it was completely memorized. (pages 249–250) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 1-17

  6. The Song Dynasty (cont.) Manual labor was forbidden to these students. The Song introduced the practice of “name covering.”  Test graders did not know the name of the students whose exams they were grading. (pages 249–250) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 1-18

  7. Government and the Economy (cont.) China was still primarily a farming society. The majority of the peasants had become serfs or slaves for wealthy, large landowners. These reform efforts and advances in farming techniques created an abundance of food. (pages 250–251) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 1-21

  8. Government and the Economy (cont.) Technological advances added products and stimulated trade.  Gunpowder was invented during the Tang dynasty. It was used to make explosives and a weapon called a fire-lance, which shot out flame and projectiles up to 40 yards. (pages 250–251) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 1-22

  9. Chinese Society(cont.) The status of women in Chinese society was low. As elsewhere in the world, female children were considered less desirable than male children.  Female infants might even be killed if there was not enough food for all. Wives became part of their husbands’ families.  When a woman married, her parents provided a dowry (money or goods) to her husband. (page 252) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 1-29

  10. Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. Section 2-5

  11. Genghis Khan used homing pigeons as messengers for military and political instructions. As he expanded his territory, he set up pigeon relay posts across Asia and much of eastern Europe; the pigeons transmitted instructions to his capital for the governing of his distant dominions. Section 2-6

  12. The Mongol Empire The Mongols came from present-day Mongolia.  • In 1206 he was elected Genghis Khan (“strong ruler”) at a massive meeting in the Gobi. • He devoted himself to conquest. (pages 253–254) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 2-7

  13. The Mongol Empire (cont.) The Mongols created the largest land empire in history, comprising much of the Eurasian landmass.  Genghis Khan died in 1227. (pages 253–254) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 2-8

  14. The Mongol Empire (cont.) In attacking the Song, the Mongols first experienced gunpowder and the fire-lance.  The latter evolved into more effective handguns and cannons.  By the early fourteenth century foreigners in the employ of Mongol rulers brought gunpowder and firearms to Europe. (pages 253–254) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 2-9

  15. Religion and Government (cont.) Buddhism came to China in the first century A.D. (pages 255–256) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 2-18

  16. A Golden Age in Literature and Art (cont.) Ceramics, and especially Tang-period porcelain, a ceramic made of fine clay baked at very high temperatures, flourished. The technique for making porcelain did not reach Europe until the eighteenth century. (pages 256–257) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 2-29

  17. Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. Section 3-5

  18. The Geography of Japan Chinese and Japanese societies have always been very different. One reason is the differing geographies. Japan is a chain of many islands. (pages 263–264) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 3-7

  19. The Geography of Japan(cont.) Much of Japan is mountainous.  About 11 percent of the land can be farmed.  Japan is prone to earthquakes.  An earthquake almost destroyed Tokyo in 1923.  (pages 263–264) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 3-8

  20. The Geography of Japan(cont.) From Japan’s geography, which do you think is a larger source of protein for the Japanese, beef or fish? Fish, because Japan is a nation of islands. Since much of Japan is mountainous, there is not much land for grazing cattle. In recent times, however, more and more Japanese are eating beef. (pages 263–264) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer. Section 3-9

  21. The Rise of the Japanese State (cont.) Landed aristocrats increasingly turned to military power to pursue their interests. This led to the creation of the samurai (“those who serve”) class. They were like knights and had their own code, called Bushido (“the way of the warrior”).  Above all, the samurai were loyal to their lord and employer. (pages 264–265) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 3-15

  22. The Rise of the Japanese State (cont.) By the late twelfth century, Japanese wealthy families were embroiled in almost constant civil war.  Finally, the nobleman Minamoto Yoritomo defeated several rivals and set up his power near modern Tokyo.  He created a more centralized government, called the shogunate, under a military ruler, or shogun. He, not the emperor, had the real power. (pages 264–265) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 3-16

  23. The Rise of the Japanese State (cont.) Yoritomo’s Kamakura shogunate lasted from 1192 to 1333.  This system came just in time.  In 1281, Kublai Khan invaded Japan with vastly superior forces.  A typhoon, however, destroyed almost the entire Mongol fleet.  Japan would not have foreign invaders again until 1945. (pages 264–265) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 3-17

  24. India after the Guptas MainIdeas Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam influenced the development of India.   Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 4-1

  25. Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. Section 4-5

  26. In India, as in many other Asian countries, the elephant is the work animal for such projects as clearing land. Cows generally are not put to work in India because Hindus believe they are sacred, a belief that has given us our expression sacred cow. According to legend, the Hindu hero Prithu changed himself into a cow to encourage his countrymen to be vegetarians. Section 4-6

  27. The Decline of Buddhism Buddhism was popular among the Indian people for hundreds of years.  They saw Buddhism as a way of life, not a religion centered on individual salvation. (pages 268–269) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 4-7

  28. The Decline of Buddhism (cont.) They claimed that understanding one’s self is the chief way to gain nirvana, or release from the “wheel of life.”  Another view of Buddhism stressed that nirvana was achieved through devotion to the Buddha.  (pages 268–269) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 4-8

  29. The Decline of Buddhism (cont.) The Buddha was not just a wise man but also a divine figure.  Nirvana is a true heaven. Through devotion to the Buddha people can achieve salvation in this heaven after death. (pages 268–269) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 4-9

  30. The Decline of Buddhism (cont.) Ultimately, neither sect remained popular in India.  Hinduism and Islam became more accepted. (pages 268–269) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information. Section 4-10

  31. Islam and Indian Society(cont.) What country was created to try to alleviate the Hindu and Muslim conflicts in India? The Muslim state of Pakistan was created in 1947 to alleviate conflict. (page 270) Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer. Section 4-23

  32. Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. Section 5-5

  33. Reviewing Key Facts History  Discuss the importance of the kamikaze, the “divine wind,” in early Japanese history. The kamikaze destroyed the Mongol fleet that was attempting to invade Japan. Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 2

  34. The kamikaze, or “divine wind,” that saved Japan from Mongol defeat in 1281 never lost its importance for the Japanese. During World War II, Japanese suicide pilots who dived their planes into Allied aircraft carriers were known as kamikaze pilots. TP 3

  35. Kublai Khan, grandson of Genghis Khan Destruction of the Mongol fleet attacking Japan Read Japan Faces Kublai Kahn on page 246 of your textbook. Then answer the questions on the following slides. This feature can be found on page 246 of your textbook. A Story That Matters 1

  36. Writing about History How was the use of the civil service examination a departure from the traditional way of placing young men in government service? Traditionally, sons of favored aristocrats would have been given government jobs. With civil service examinations, positions went to those who merited them. This feature can be found on pages 250–251 of your textbook. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. The Way It Was 4

  37. Maps and Charts 1

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