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BELLRINGER!!! YOU HAVE 5 MINUTES LEFT!

BELLRINGER!!! YOU HAVE 5 MINUTES LEFT!. DIVIDE YOUR NOTECARD INTO 4 SECTIONS AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CHART ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF VALENCE ELECTRONS EACH HAS. Ex: Chlorine. Cl. BELLRINGER!!! YOU HAVE 4 MINUTES LEFT!.

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BELLRINGER!!! YOU HAVE 5 MINUTES LEFT!

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  1. BELLRINGER!!!YOU HAVE 5 MINUTES LEFT! DIVIDE YOUR NOTECARD INTO 4 SECTIONS AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CHART ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF VALENCE ELECTRONS EACH HAS. Ex: Chlorine Cl

  2. BELLRINGER!!!YOU HAVE 4 MINUTES LEFT! DIVIDE YOUR NOTECARD INTO 4 SECTIONS AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CHART ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF VALENCE ELECTRONS EACH HAS. Ex: Chlorine Cl

  3. BELLRINGER!!!YOU HAVE 3 MINUTES LEFT! DIVIDE YOUR NOTECARD INTO 4 SECTIONS AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CHART ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF VALENCE ELECTRONS EACH HAS. Ex: Chlorine Cl

  4. BELLRINGER!!!YOU HAVE 2 MINUTES LEFT! DIVIDE YOUR NOTECARD INTO 4 SECTIONS AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CHART ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF VALENCE ELECTRONS EACH HAS. Ex: Chlorine Cl

  5. BELLRINGER!!!YOU HAVE 1 MINUTES LEFT! DIVIDE YOUR NOTECARD INTO 4 SECTIONS AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CHART ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF VALENCE ELECTRONS EACH HAS. Ex: Chlorine Cl

  6. PAGE 71 Ionic and Covalent Bonding

  7. Remember the octet rule? Atoms gain, lose or share electrons to gain EIGHT electrons in their valence shell so they can be stable.

  8. Ionic Bonds form when atoms lose or gain electrons. Metals + Nonmetals For example: Sodium (Na) has 1 valence electron (group 1). What happens if that 1 valence electron is taken away? Na 3rd E.L.

  9. Lost an electron? Remember the octet rule? Gone... When Na loses that 1 valence electron, its 2nd E.L. becomes the outermost E.L.. Now the Na atom has a valence shell with 8 electrons and is stable.

  10. When the Na atom loses an electron, it has one less negative charge compared to the positive charges (protons), so... ….it now has an extra positive charge. When an atom has an electrical charge (positive or negative). What is an ion?

  11. 7 More octet rule... Chlorine has valence electrons If Cl gains 1 electron, it will have 8 valence electrons and it will be stable (but it will have an overall negative charge). Cl

  12. Wanna bond? Now Na has a positive charge (lost an electron) and Cl has a negative charge (gained an electron). What happens now? Opposite charges attract, so Sodium and Chlorine will form an IONIC bond. Compound name: Sodium Chloride (overall neutral charge) Na+ Cl- NaCl

  13. Covalent Bonds form when atoms share an electron to gain eight valence electrons (octet rule). Nonmetals + Nonmetals Metals + Metals For example, Chlorine has 7 valence electrons... Two chlorine atoms share a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond Cl Cl

  14. What is a diatomic molecule? When atoms of the same type form a covalent bond: Examples: H2 Cl2 O2 Br2 F2 I2 N2 Cl Cl

  15. What about H2O? Water is 2 Hydrogens (group 1: 1 valence electron) and 1 Oxygen (group 6: 6 valence electrons) COVALENTLY bonded together: H H H O H O (H2O)

  16. Summarize!!!!!You have 3 minutes left. Remember…you should write 5 things you learned in complete sentences.

  17. Summarize!!!!!You have 2minutes left. Remember…you should write 5 things you learned in complete sentences.

  18. Summarize!!!!!You have 1minute left. Remember…you should write 5 things you learned in complete sentences.

  19. Terms: Ionic and Covalent Circle your understanding of this word. (one is the lowest; 4 is the highest) Use your notes for this definition! This is YOUR description of the word! How are you going to remember this word??? Draw a description of this word

  20. Writing a reaction How to write a chemical reaction? To show how atoms bond, we can write a chemical reaction: 1. Reactants on the left 2. Products on the right 3. Arrow means “yields” or “gives” 2H + O H2O

  21. How can you tell the difference between ionic and covalent bonds? General Rule: Ionic Bonds: metal/nonmetal Covalent: 2 nonmetals

  22. Electronegativity What is Electronegativity? Sometimes electrons in covalent bonds are not shared equally by the two atoms. Electronegativity is the attraction an atom has for a shared pair of electrons. Elements in group 17 have the highest electronegativity, whereas elements in group 1 and 2 have the lowest electronegativity. Atoms with high electronegativity tend to want to gain electrons to complete their octet.

  23. Covalent Bonds Now you try! Covalent Bonds form when atoms share an electron to gain eight valence electrons (octet rule) • Mg + 2Cl _______ • H + F ______ • Ca + O ________ Use your periodic table, find each element’s group, write out the Dot Diagram for each reactant, decide if it is ionic or covalent, then write the products.

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