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UNIT VI

UNIT VI. SCHOOL BUS CRITICAL SITUATIONS. Topics :. Responses to critical situations Preventing and correcting: traction loss loss of brakes steering failure tire blowout headlight failure accelerator sticking engine overheating Classifications of fire School bus evacuation procedures.

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UNIT VI

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  1. UNIT VI SCHOOL BUS CRITICAL SITUATIONS

  2. Topics: • Responses to critical situations • Preventing and correcting: • traction loss • loss of brakes • steering failure • tire blowout • headlight failure • accelerator sticking • engine overheating • Classifications of fire • School bus evacuation procedures VI-2

  3. Critical Situation • Driver action • Roadway situation = COLLISION • Vehicle malfunction VI-3

  4. How Quick on the Draw are You? Directions: • Form teams of two • Each team must have a watch with a second hand • One game sheet per team • Touch numbered squares in sequence • Time each attempt • Three attempts per player • Record time for each attempt VI-4

  5. VI-5

  6. Why Drivers Respond the Way They Do • Surprise causes hasty action • Surprise leads to panic/ fear • Drivers become confused when panicking • Correct action must be learned in advance VI-6

  7. How Drivers Can Improve • Thinking reduces panic • Ability depends upon driver mind set • Knowledge and practice reduce surprise • “What if” is good practice • Repetition reduces surprise VI-7

  8. Driver Safety Formula Skill + Knowledge + Conditioning + Concentration _____________________ = Reduction in critical situations VI-8

  9. Traction Loss Traction is important to starting, stopping, and turning any vehicle. When traction is reduced or lost completely, the driver is confronted with a critical situation. VI-9

  10. What is Traction Loss? Traction loss occurs when tires lose their rolling grip on the road surface, resulting in partial or total loss of vehicle control. VI-10

  11. Causes of Traction Loss Overpowering Overbreaking Steering and speed VI-11

  12. Minimizing Traction Loss • Keep brakes and tires in good working order • Increase sight distance and react to hazards well in advance • Match speed conditions • Avoid overpowering, over braking, and over steering • Stay off highway when conditions are hazardous VI-12

  13. Traction Loss Summary A competent driver rarely allows his vehicle to lose traction, but—if it does, he possesses the capability to cope effectively with the situation. VI-13

  14. Potential Vehicle Malfunctions • Loss of brakes • Steering failure • Tire blowout • Headlight failure • Accelerator sticking • Engine overheating VI-14

  15. Loss of Brakes Indicated by signal from buzzer, air pressure gauge Correction: Use engine as brake; down shift. Continue application of brake pedal. Get off road and stop immediately. VI-15

  16. Steering Failure Correction: Grip wheel firmly—get off road No wheel response—stop bus quickly and safely Evacuate passengers (if warranted) Secure area VI-16

  17. Tire blowout Correction: Grip wheel firmly Release accelerator Steady braking—do not lock wheels Move off roadway Secure vehicle VI-17

  18. Headlight Failure Turn on parking/ auxiliary lights Turn on emergency flashers, brake lights, right turn signal. Slow down Stay on path Look for escape Look for something to orient you VI-18

  19. Accelerator Sticking • Apply brakes • Shift to neutral • Steer off roadway • Turn off engine after stopping bus VI-19

  20. Engine Overheating • Pull off road • Shift to neutral—run engine at fast idle • Stop engine if it does not cool • Call for assistance VI-20

  21. Emergency Equipment and Emergency Procedures Topics: Fire extinguishers Reflectors Evacuations Stakeouts VI-21

  22. Type: A (Ashes) B (Barrels) C (Current) Source: Combustible materials Flammable liquids Electrical VI-22

  23. Fire Extinguisher Operation • Pull pin—use twisting motion • Hold in upright position • Squeeze trigger lever • Direct at base of fire—use side to side motion VI-23

  24. Required Warning Devices 3 Bidirectional emergency reflective triangles VI-24

  25. Vehicle Stakeout Requirements • Bidirectional emergency reflective triangles • Placed as follows: • One 100’ in front of the bus in center of lane occupied by the bus • One 100’ to the rear of the bus in center of lane occupied by the bus • One at the traffic side of the bus either 10’ to the front or rear of the bus VI-25

  26. Reasons for Evacuation Fire Potential Fire Vehicle in dangerous position VI-26

  27. School Bus Evacuation Film Emergency School Bus Evacuation Points of interest: • Three evacuation methods • Driver’s role • Leader’s and helper’s role • Distance students move away from bus VI-27

  28. Front Door Evacuation VI-28

  29. Rear Door Evacuation VI-29

  30. Front and Rear Door Evacuation VI-30

  31. Department of Education Requirement Evacuation Drills A school bus driver shall know how to conduct an emergency bus evacuation. VI-31

  32. Special Needs Evacuation • Lift Evacuation • Ramp Evacuation • Blanket Drag/Carry • Removal from Wheelchair VI-32

  33. Summary • Responses to critical situations • Preventing and correcting: • traction loss • loss of brakes • steering failure • tire blowout • headlight failure • accelerator sticking • engine overheating • Classifications of fire • School bus evacuation procedures VI-33

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