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Homo floresiensis

The study of human evolution is a work in progress …. Pierolapithecus catalaunicus. Homo floresiensis. A new species of genus homo ?. Great-great-grandfather ape. A new fossil (reconstruction, above, and face, inset) may be closely related to the earliest great apes.

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Homo floresiensis

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  1. The study of human evolution is a work in progress …. Pierolapithecus catalaunicus Homo floresiensis A new species of genus homo? Great-great-grandfather ape. A new fossil (reconstruction, above, and face, inset) may be closely related to the earliest great apes. Endurance running is a derived capability of the genus Homo, originating about 2 million years ago

  2. Lemurs, lorises, and pottos Ancestral primate Tarsiers New World monkeys Fig. 19-9b Monkeys Anthropoids Old World monkeys Gibbons Orangutans Hominoids (apes) Gorillas The human family tree Chimpanzees Humans 0 60 50 40 30 20 10 Millions of years ago

  3. The human fossil record 0 Homo ergaster Paranthropus robustus ? 0.5 Paranthropus boisei 1.0 Fig. 19-11 Homo sapiens 1.5 Australopithecus africanus Homo neanderthalensis 2.0 Australopithecus afarensis 2.5 Homo erectus 3.0 Australopithecus anamensis Millions of years ago 3.5 Homo habilis 4.0 Kenyanthropus platyops 4.5 Ardipithecus ramidus 5.0 5.5 6.0 Orrorin tugenensis 6.5 Sahelanthropus tchadensis 7.0

  4. Homo floresiensis in the context of the evolution and dispersal of the genus Homo Brown, P., T. Sutikna, et al. (2004). "A new small-bodied hominin from the Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia." Nature431(7012): 1055-1061.

  5. Neanderthals and the colonization of Europe Key 30,000 years ago Atlantic Ocean 30,000–35,000 years ago 35,000 years ago Original discovery Fig. 19-14 Approximate range of Neanderthals Europe Neander Valley Black Sea Mediterranean Sea Africa

  6. Modern humans (H. sapiens) and the colonization of the world 15–35,000 BP Europe Fig. 19-15 40,000 BP North America Asia 50–60,000 BP Africa 100,000 BP South America >40,000 BP (50–60,000?) Australia

  7. Ancestry testing using DNA

  8. Genetic markers on the Y chromosome Markers used on Y chromosome are ‘Short tandem repeats’ or STRs, which are usually located between genes and have no known physiological effect. (Marker region is amplified by PCR) ‘CA’ repeated 8x

  9. STR site 2 STR site 1 Fig. 12-14a Crime scene DNA Number of short tandem repeats match Number of short tandem repeats do not match Suspect’s DNA

  10. Crime scene DNA Suspect’s DNA Fig. 12-14b

  11. Number indicated the repeats within marker region differs among different ancestry lines

  12. My genetic journey as seen by the Y chromosome

  13. My genetic journey The Y chromosome M168: My Earliest Ancestor 50,000 years ago M89: Moving Through the Middle East 45,000 years ago M9: The Eurasian Clan Spreads Wide and Far 40,000 years ago M45: The Journey Through Central Asia 35,000 years ago M207: Leaving Central Asia 30,000 years ago M173: Colonizing Europe The First Modern Europeans 30,000 years ago M343: Direct Descendants of Cro-Magnon 30,000 years ago

  14. Genetic markers on the mitochondrial chromosome (mtDNA) Hyper Variable Region-1 non-coding sequence of 440 nucleotides contains single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)

  15. Ancestry tree using mitochondrial DNA R Cambridge reference sequence

  16. Overlapping my father’s and mother’s ancestry migration trail Y chromosome mt DNA

  17. Technology driven niche expansion http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/lectures/index.html

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