AL-Najah National University Faculty Of Engineering

1. AL-Najah National University Faculty Of Engineering EFFECT OF GLASS POWDER ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MORTAR Designed by : SamehZabadiTaherSameer Shaker Alhanbly

2. EFFECT OF GLASS POWDER ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MORTAR

3. What is Concrete ? Concrete : is a composite construction material composed of cement (commonly Portland cement) and other cementitious materials such as fly ash and slag cement, aggregate (generally a coarse aggregate made of gravels or crushed rocks such as limestone, or granite, plus a fine aggregate such as sand), water, and chemical admixtures. The word concrete comes from the Latin word "concretus" (meaning compact or condensed), the perfect passive participle of "concresco", from "com-" (together) and "cresco" (to grow).

4. Materials • Cement • Water • Aggregates • Glass powder • Additives • Chemical Admixtures

5. The Objectives The objective of this study is to show: 1- the effect of adding Glass Powder to concrete to improve the properties of concrete. 2- The effect of adding Glass Powder as an admixture on the durability and the thermal insulation . 3- The benefits of addition Glass Powder is to minimize the risk of the Environmental Pollution.

6. Literature Review In 2009, Engineer ImadQasimdoing a study on the impact of glass powder on concrete and he was made some tests ; These tests include compressive strength, flexural strength, and flow table test (workability test). Twenty kilograms of glass powder was used as a partial replacement for cement and sand (silica and limestone) by 0%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Seven mortar mixtures were tested at room temperature, four mixtures were cured by water and three mixtures were cured by high pressure steam curing (autoclaving).

7. We will crash fourty five kilograms of waste flat glass and prepare it as powder to be used as cementitous or filler materials in mortar mixes. In Those mixtures waste glass powder we used them as replacement of cement or sand at percentage 0% , 5% , 10% , 15% , in order to show the effect of waste glass powder on the mechanical properties of mortar and the thermal insulation . Methodology

8. Composition There are many types of concrete available, created by varying the proportions of the main ingredients below. By varying the proportions of materials, or by substitution for the cemetitious and aggregate phases, the finished product can be tailored to its application with varying strength, density, or chemical and thermal resistance properties. The mix design depends on the type of structure being built, how the concrete will be mixed and delivered, and how it will be placed to form this structure.

9. Reinforcement Concrete is strong in compression, as the aggregate efficiently carries the compression load. However, it is weak in tension as the cement holding the aggregate in place can crack, allowing the structure to fail. Reinforced concrete solves these problems by adding either steel reinforcing bars, steel fibers, glass fiber, or plastic fiber to carry tensile loads.

10. experimental Work ( Tests on concrete )

11. Workability Workability is the ability of a fresh (plastic) concrete mix to fill the form/mold properly with the desired work (vibration) and without reducing the concrete's quality. Workability depends on water content, aggregate (shape and size distribution), cementitious content and age (level of hydration), and can be modified by adding chemical admixtures, like superplasticizer. Raising the water content or adding chemical admixtures will increase concrete workability. Excessive water will lead to increased bleeding (surface water) and/or segregation of aggregates (when the cement and aggregates start to separate), with the resulting concrete having reduced quality.

12. Workability Different tests have been developed on workability : 1-Slump test . 2-Flow test . 3-Subjective assessment . 4-Penetration test . 5-Mixer test . 6-Remolding test . 7-Compaction test .

13. Compressive strength result • Replacment by cement

14. Replacment by cement In 28 days • in 7 days

15. Compressive strength result • Replacment by limestone sand

16. Replacement by limestone sand In 28 days • In 7 days

17. Comparing in days In 7 days In 28 days

18. We obtained significant results for this test ( compressive strength test ), because the results resemble the results very closely that Eng : Imad Al-Qasem found in and support his M.Sc. Thesis .

19. Heat Flow Test • Depends on heat transfer with time . basically the apparatus consists of tow plates with dimensions of (54*54) cm, one is upper the other other is below, knowing that the upper is flexible , and we can move it, as needed. • Procedure : - heating the upper plate to constant temperature . -Putting any material between plates . - the heat well transfer through the material to the lower plate . - the apparatus well calculate the heat transfer rate, and given the value of conductivity of the material.

20. With 15 % Replacement by limestone

22. Without WGP

24. Heat Flow Test Results

25. The results show that there is not a significant effect measured when the glass powder is replaced with either cement or limestone. There is not a significant difference. The results are very close to each other and resemble each other; the obtained results do not differ significantly. The error on third one happen because we have voids in it and it wasn’t made right.

26. Abrasion test • The last test that was supposed to be conducted to complete this research is the abrasion-test. Unfortunately, the needed materials to conduct the experiment were not available at the time of the research, neither at the An-Najah university or in the field. The results will therefore not be provided in this paper.

27. Abrasion test Disk & wear plates Measuring thickness Abrasion test stand

28. Summary and Conclution • Waste glass powder is a new supplementary material that can be used in mortar mixtures. In this conducted study, more than 48 mixes of mortar were prepared by using waste glass powder as a replacement for cement or for limestone. Mechanical properties were tested. The mechanical properties include compressive strength. • As described in the result section and the abstract, the results show us that when the limestone is replaced by waste glass powder, the compressive strength will increase because it is a filler. Because the limestone contains a lot of voids, the glass powder serves as a filler material. On the contrary, when replacing glass powder with cement, the compressive strength will decrease. Cement is the main material for the strength of mortar or concrete.

29. Summary and Conclution • Another experiment conducted in this study is the heat flow test. The results show that there is no significant effect measured when the glass powder is replaced with either cement or limestone. The results are very close to each other and resemble each other; the obtained results do not differ significantly. • Waste glass powder is a relatively new supplementary cementing material that can be used in the mortar mixtures. It plays a significant role to improve the fresh properties, mechanical properties and durability of mortar. • If we use the waste glass powder as a replacement for limestone, the compressive strength of mortar increases significantly. In addition, the maximum compressive strength of mortar can be achieved when using 10% and 15% of waste glass powder instead of limestone.

30. Recommendations • There are several recommendations that can be made for future research in this aspect. The usage of the WGP instead of limestone is an interesting possibility because of the strength .Until now though, there has not been found a way to use it instead of cement, since cement is a major component and material for compressive strength.. Further research in the use of WGP is needed in order to generate the full potential of the waste glass powder. • Other recommendations for this research include: - Conduct experiments on durability and Permeability - After we increase the percentage into more than 15%, what would happen to the compressive strength? - Check if the percentage in strength is good enough to make the change or what?

31. Refrences • www.cementlab.com/cement-art.htm • http://www.ce.berkeley.edu/~paulmont/165/cement.pdf • United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); 2002. • An-najah national university labs .5. • ASTM C 31, C 39, C 617, C 1077, C 1231, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, • Volume 04.02, ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA . • M.Sc. Thesis ( Al-Qasem ; 2009)

32. Thank you for your attention