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Capsicum Cultivation Guide: Temperature, Humidity, and Plant Care

This guide provides detailed insights into the optimal conditions for capsicum cultivation, including seed germination, plant growth, flowering, and fruit setting. Learn about bed preparation, planting, crop support, pruning, and harvesting techniques for better yields.

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Capsicum Cultivation Guide: Temperature, Humidity, and Plant Care

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  1. COLOUR CAPSICUM

  2. TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY Seed Germination – 24-25°C Plant Growth - 30-15°C Flowering - 21-20°C Fruit Setting - 30-15°C Humidity Ranges - 50% to 80%

  3. CAPSICUM • Bed Preparation • Top width – 90cm. • Path width – 50 cm • Height – 40 cm

  4. BED PREPARATION IN CAPSICUM

  5. VARIETIES Popular varieties in Indian conditions • Red :- Bombii, Union(Imported) • Yellow:- Orabella • Orange:- Boxer • Green- Indra ( this variety grow in open as well as shade-net house cultivation)

  6. PLANTING MATERIAL • Diseases free seedling of four to five weeks of age are used for transplanting, • Height of Seedling- 16cm are used for transplanting

  7. PLANTING • Planting Distance: 1) 45-50 cm between two plants 2) 50 cm between two rows

  8. ROOT GALL DIPPING

  9. Crop Support Pinching /Topping Pruning Training: 1. Two-leader system 2. Four-leader system Fruit Pruning Harvesting Yield Post Harvest Tech. CULTURAL PRACTICES IN CAPSICUM

  10. DEVELOPMENT AND QUALITY • Humidity at night > 80% Fruit Cracking • Low humidity, high temp. Blossom End Rot • Excess sunlight Fruit burn • Lack of sunlight Poor color, small size • B.Bee pollination Increase fruit size

  11. CROP SUPPORT • 3 overhead support wires are required for one bed • Overhead support wires ( 12 gauge) • At least 3 to 3.5 m above the surface of beds • Four numbers plastic twines (thread) are hung from top for each plant. • Plastic twine, loosely anchored around the base of the plants (non slip loop) at one end

  12. Topping means to remove the growing point of the plants, leaving 4-6 leaves below the stem. Topping should be done 21 days after planting  Topping should be done with the help of secature or thumps TOPPING

  13. TRAINING • Two-Leader system: After the pruning (pinching) plant is splitting into two main shoots, these two shoots shall be maintained as two leaders.

  14. TWO-LEADER SYSTEM Two leader or branches maintain per plant

  15. FOUR LEADER SYSTEM • The crown bud of the plant is topped leaving 5 or 6 leaves below the stem, 21 days after planting. • Four strong shoots are growing from the axils of lower leaves. These four shoots shall be maintained as four leaders.

  16. FOUR-LEADER SYSTEM Four leader or branches maintain per plant

  17. FRUIT PRUNING • Too many fruits on the plant at one time it is necessary to remove some fruits, • Thinning to 4-6 fruit on the first flush (2-3 fruits per shoot) will increase the size and result in higher total yield. • After the first flush, thinning should be limited to the removal of misshapen fruits.

  18. HARVESTING • Harvesting in capsicum starts after 75-90 days. • Harvesting should be done with the help of sharp knife. • Yield: Expected yield of capsicum is 8-10 kg per square meter.

  19. GRADING • Domestic market: Grading according to fruit weight A. 200-250gm B. 150-200gm C. <140gm

  20. GRADING Export Market: Grading according to Fruit Diameter Size Grade (Fruit diameter in mm) • >80 mm Extra Large • 70 - 79 mm Large • 60 - 69 mm Medium • 50 - 59 mm Chopper

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