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Zionism and the birth of Israel

Zionism and the birth of Israel. Zionism and the birth of Israel. a. Rise of Jewish nationalism (Poland, Dreyfus, Eastern Europe nationalisms) b. Intellectual movement Pinsker’s Auto Emancipation (1882) and Herzl’s Der Judenstaat (1896)

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Zionism and the birth of Israel

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  1. Zionism and the birth of Israel

  2. Zionism and the birth of Israel a. Rise of Jewish nationalism (Poland, Dreyfus, Eastern Europe nationalisms) b. Intellectual movement Pinsker’s Auto Emancipation (1882) and Herzl’s Der Judenstaat (1896) c. Organized efforts The Bund and socialism with Jewish culture and World Zionist Organization d. November 1917 Balfour Declaration e. League of Nations Palestine Mandate incorporates the “Jewish homeland” objective

  3. Foreign Office,November 2nd, 1917.Dear Lord Rothschild,I have much pleasure in conveying to you, on behalf of His Majesty's Government, the following declaration of sympathy with Jewish Zionist aspirations which has been submitted to, and approved by, the Cabinet:"His Majesty's Government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country".I should be grateful if you would bring this declaration to the knowledge of the Zionist Federation.Yours sincerelyArthur James Balfour

  4. Yishuv Years a. Institution building Jewish Agency, Knesset, political parties, labor unions (Hisdarut), schools, Haganah (IDF) b. Immigration (Slide 7 and 8) c. International mobilization WZO in London and Geneva, US and Biltmore conference (1842), United Nations

  5. Immigration to Palestine • First aliyah - 1881-1903: personally motivated migration to Palestine that brought about 10,000 immigrants. • Second aliyah 1904 -1914:growing number of socialist pioneers from EE and Russia to set up kibbutzes helping a sense of community building. • Third aliyah 1919 - 1923: a wave similar to the second one. • Fourth aliyah 1924 - 1930: mostly from Poland with an interest in industry and commerce. • Fifth aliyah 1932 - 1939: Nazi regime in Germany led to an increasing number of German Jews immigrate

  6. Distribution of Population in Palestine 1880-1947 Arabs Jews 1880 470,000 25,000 1914 500,000 90,000 1928 590,000 150,000 1939 1,000,000 450,000 1947 1,200,000 650,000

  7. UN Partition Plan • Partition Plan Res. 181 November 1947 (Slide 9, 10 and 11) • End of Mandate by 15 May 1948 • Two states: Arab and Jewish • International Jerusalem • Economic Union

  8. The Partition Plan Jews Arabs Jewish State 538,000 400,000 Arab State 10,000 725,000 Jerusalem 100,000 105,000

  9. Distribution of votes on the Partition Plan by Regional Groupings Yes Abstain No W. European 12 1 2 E. European 5 1 - L. American 14 6 1 Africa 1 1 - Asia 1 1 4 Arabs - - 6 Total 33 10 13

  10. Declaration of state of Israel and War • Israel declares independence 14 May 1948 (Slide 14) • War breaks out between Israel and neighboring Arab cuntries (Slide 15) • Israel territorial grows and Jerusalem divided (Slide 16 and 17) • Jordan occupies the West Bank and East Jerusalem • Gaza occupied by Egypt • More than half a million Arabs of Palestine displaced (Slide 14)

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