1 / 16

Formation of the Solar system

Formation of the Solar system. Section 19.3. http:// science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/solar-system http:// video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/news/space-technology-news/solar-eclipse-2009-nasa.html http:// www.history.com/video.do?name=The_Universe. Objectives….

liberty-preston
Download Presentation

Formation of the Solar system

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Formation of the Solar system Section 19.3

  2. http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/solar-systemhttp://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/solar-system • http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/news/space-technology-news/solar-eclipse-2009-nasa.html • http://www.history.com/video.do?name=The_Universe

  3. Objectives… • By the end of this section you WILL be able to… • Explain how early astronomers understand and describe the solar system • Explain why the solar system is arranged the way it is • Identify what is in the solar system besides planets • Explain how the moon formed • Explain how astronomers know about exoplanets

  4. By understanding how things form, scientists can determine where other planets may be located, what they could be made of, etc. • Ancient people like the Greeks, Romans, and Druids, used stories to explain star movements • The first model of the solar system put Earth at the center. (kinda egocentric isnt it?) • Actually, its geocentric, in 140 CE Ptolemy expanded this model

  5. Even though Ptolemy’s model was wrong, it was still used for over a thousand years • It wasn’t until 1543 when Nicolaus Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model of the solar system • In 1605 Johannes Kepler improved the model and made the orbits slightly elliptical, rather than circular

  6. Isaac Newton was the first to explain that gravity keeps the planets in orbit around the sun and satellites in orbit around planets • Every object in the universe (having mass & proximity) exerts some kind of gravitational force on every other object • All of classical physics is built on this assumption

  7. The Nebular Hypothesis • Scientists estimate the solar system to be roughly 4.6 billion years old • A nebula is a large cloud of dust and gas in space, the hypothesis explains why objects that form in a disk will lie in the same plane, and have almost circular orbits in the same direction.

  8. Planets form by a process called accretion • It is basically the “sticking together” of particles in the disk • This also explains the difference in composition of the inner planets compared to the outer planets • See page 674 for a good view of the nebular hypothesis

  9. Rocks in Space • Comets are small bodies of ice and cosmic dust that follows an elliptical orbit and gives off gas and dust in the form of a tail as it passes in front of the sun • Asteroids are large rocky bodies found mostly between Mars and Jupiter • Meteoroids are small pieces of rock that enter Earth’s atmosphere • Meteoroids do not contact the Earth’s surface, if they do they are called meteorites

  10. Comets give glues to the origin of the solar system • Comets are composed of dust and ice made from methane, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water • Some comets contain silicon, magnesium, and iron • Comets are sometimes called dirty snowballs • Comets have tails when they come close to the sun

  11. During the formation of our solar system, some leftovers didn’t combine • The Oort Cloud is where comets tend to reside • The Oort Cloud may be up to 100,000 AU wide • Halley’s Comet is one of the most famous it travels an eliptical orbit and appears in Earth’s sky every 76 years • It will appear again August 20th 2061 and will pass within .05 AU of Venus • In 2134 Halley’s comet will pass closer than .1 AU of Earth

  12. Meteorites can be made up of many types of elements • There are three major types of meteorites 1. Stony 2. Iron 3 Stony iron • Meteoroids sometimes strike earth • Objects smaller than 10m probably burn up in the atmosphere

  13. Large meteorites can explain some mass extinctions and climate changes • The extinction of the dinosaurs is theorized to have happened by a meteorite roughly 10-15km wide

  14. The moon formed from part of the earth • A large celestial body collided with the primordial earth • The ejected material clumped together • The gravity of the material pulled it into a sphere • The moon began to orbit the Earth

  15. Do other stars have planets? • Astronomers have discovered more than 200 exoplanets, or planetlike bodies that orbit other stars • Almost all of the exoplanets known have masses similar to Jupiter or Saturn

  16. Homework: 679 1-7

More Related