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Transmeta Crusoe

Transmeta Crusoe. A revolutionary CPU for mobile computing Ashraful Alam. Outline . What is Crusoe? Why Crusoe? Crusoe architechture 128 bit VLIW Code morphing technology Integrated northbridge LongRun technology Conclusion. What is Crusoe?. A low power consuming x86 processor

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Transmeta Crusoe

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  1. Transmeta Crusoe A revolutionary CPU for mobile computing Ashraful Alam

  2. Outline • What is Crusoe? • Why Crusoe? • Crusoe architechture • 128 bit VLIW • Code morphing technology • Integrated northbridge • LongRun technology • Conclusion

  3. What is Crusoe? • A low power consuming x86 processor • Developed by Transmeta Corporation • Devoted to fill gap in mobile CPU market • Developed from scratch • Hybrid hardware-software design • Efficient computing

  4. Why Crusoe • Lighter is better • Low power consumption • Fan less systems • High mobility without compromise

  5. Targeted Market • Wireless computing • Silent PC • Home theatre PC • Portable pc • Dense Server Cluster

  6. Crusoe Product Line All power requirement includes Northbridge power. The SE versions of Crusoe are designed for Embedded systems Table: Family of Crusoe processors [source: http://www.transmeta.com/crusoe/specs.html]

  7. Crusoe Architechture • 128 Bit Very Large Instruction Word Issue • Hybrid computing aka Code morphing™ • Integrated Northbridge on die • LongRun™ Technology

  8. 128 Bit VLIW Engine • 4 instruction issue • Fewer transistors = less power consumption • Introducing code morphing™ • Large 512kb cache

  9. 128bit VLIW (cont.) • Crusoe executes like a superscalar processor Source: http://arstechnica.com/articles/paedia/cpu/crusoe.ars/3

  10. Code Morphing • Software layer around the hardware • x86 compatibility without complexity • Reduced transistors • Statistical optimization • Downloadable hardware upgrade!

  11. Code Morphing (cont.) • Code morphing software creates a bridge between x86 software and Crusoe [Source: http://www.transmeta.com/crusoe/codemorphing.html]

  12. Code Morphing (cont.) • Blue represents hardware in silicon • Yellow represents software layer Source: http://arstechnica.com/articles/paedia/cpu/crusoe.ars/2

  13. Code Morphing (cont.) • 2 parts of the code morphing software: • Interpreter • Interprets x86 code • Filters infrequent code for interpretation only • Gathers statistical data • Translator • Recompiles frequently used code for optimization • Stores translated code into translation cache

  14. Integrated Northbridge • On die memory controller • On die PCI bus controller • Serial ROM controller • Benefits • Reduced power consumption • Compact system design

  15. LongRun™ Technology • LongRun technology is tightly coupled with code morphing software • Performs two task: • Power management • Thermal management

  16. LongRun Power Management • Dynamically adjust both core voltage and clock speed • Cubic power requirement reduction • Power = (Capacitance * freq * voltage^2)/2 • Most conventional CPU can only adjust frequency * AMD’s “cool N quiet” technology adjusts both voltage and clock frequency

  17. Power Management (cont.) • If Idle time is detected, processor may reduce voltage/frequency to reduce power usage

  18. Power Management (cont.) Figure: Dynamic frequency scaling Power management heuristic – goal is to eliminate CPU sleep time as much possible [source: LongRun Power management white paper]

  19. Power Management (cont.) Figure: Voltage scaling Voltage and frequency scale can be done upto 200 time/sec [source: LongRun Power management white paper]

  20. Thermal Management • Coupled with code morphing software to throttle CPU • Efficient computing in low temperature • Dynamically reduces voltage/frequency • Does not force CPU to sleep phase to reduce heat • Provides more performance in higher temperature or same performance in lower temperature.

  21. Thermal Management (cont.) • P3 and Crusoe running DVD movie • Crusoe TM5400 requires no active cooling

  22. Conclusion • Revolutionary hybrid design • Efficient use of instruction optimization • Reduced power consumption • Leads the path in efficient computing • Great choice for mobile computing • Great choice for systems where low power processing is required

  23. Sources • The Technology Behind Crusoe™ Processors White Paper by Transmeta Corporation • Crusoe™ LongRun™ Power Management White Paper by Transmeta Corporation • Crusoe Explored by John Stokes http://arstechnica.com/articles/paedia/cpu/crusoe.ars/1

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