Joint Center for Applications of Coherent Quantum Phenomena

1. Joint Center for Applications of Coherent Quantum Phenomena The University of Maryland, The Laboratory for Physical Sciences and The National Institute of Standards and Technology

2. What are we trying to do? • Create a world-class partnership between NIST, LPS and UM on the Maryland Campus • Cover the complete field of quantum coherence (and quantum computing) • Make this a center which attracts the top scientists in the world • Start with a JILA model, but stronger

3. Why now? • Recent advances in both Condensed Matter and AMO have enabled unprecedented quantum coherence, with exciting prospects for applications. The new center would join the efforts and the insights to exploit coherence in solid state and atomic systems. • We have tremendous strength in our existing groups in this area • We have a new AMO group with strong ties to NIST • Now during the budget crunch is the perfect time to make a big move • This is a strong motivating force for the PSC • The leadership of every organization is highly supportive

4. COUPLED QUBITS f1 f2 Capacitively coupled JJs Two-Qubit Energy States Coherence is the Key Interference of two atomic-gas Bose condensates

5. What is being proposed? • A formal structure to allow participants to capitalize and build on the strengths of each institution. (e.g., Research, Recruiting, etc.) • An umbrella collaboration that would unite and encourage diverse but potentially synergistic research(e.g., Joint Appointments). • A visible, cooperative program that would highlight this new center as “The Place” to engage in research related to the full spectrum of Coherent Quantum Phenomena.

6. Existing Strengths • Laboratory for Physical Sciences • Top Scientists • Federal Resources • College Park Location • Existing Collaborative Efforts with the University • Adjunct faculty

7. Existing Strengths • The National Institute of Standards and Technology • Existing Facilities and Staff • Strong Government & Public Support • Experience in setting up this type of collaboration (JILA). • Two Nobel Prizes in related research areas.

8. Existing Strengths • The University of Maryland • Physics, IPST • Recruiting Top-Students & Faculty • Infrastructure, Facilities and Space • Broad Program and Numerous Expertise Areas • Upward Momentum • Shops & Facilities • Strong Public Support • New Resources in AMO

9. NIST DOC Lab AMO & QI AML LPS NSA Lab QC & CMP Special facilities UM State University CMP & QI Students, etc. Complementarity Each institution would bring a unique mix of expertise, culture, capabilities and resources to the joint effort.

10. LPS People and Labs(partial list) • Keith Schwab: Charge based Qubits and nano-oscillators • Marc Manheimer: Charge based Qubits • Bruce Kane:Quantum computing in Si-based semiconductor nanostructures; single spin measurements; quantum entanglement in nanostructures • Marvin Kruger, Keith Miller, Mark Heiligman: Theory • William Johnson: Quantum-Hall effect systems • Paul Boudreaux • Romel Gomez

11. NIST People and Labs • William Phillips, Kristian Helmerson, Paul Lett, : Experiments in laser cooling, Bose-Einstein condensation, quantum information, ultracold collsions, atomic clocks, ultracold plasmas, optical tweezers • Paul Julienne, Carl Williams, Eite Tiesinga: Theory of ultracold collisons and quantum information • Charles Clark: Theory of Bose Einstein condensate dynamics and quantum information • Advanced Measurement Laboratory – State of the art environmental control facility

12. UM People and Labs • Sankar Das Sarma:Spin Electronics and Spin Computation; theory of quantum computer hardware and architecture; quantum computation using spin qubits in semiconductor nanostructures and in superconducting circuits; mesoscopic quantum coherence and quantum many-body theory.

13. Spectral diffusion of Si:P spins B Das Sarma’s Group

14. Nuclear induced spectral diffusion • Nuclear spins flip-flop due to their dipolar interaction; • Electron’s Zeeman frequency fluctuates in time due to nuclear hyperfine field. Theory • Nuclear pairs are described by Poisson random variables; • Flip-flop rates are calculated using the method of moments, a high temperature expansion. Das Sarma’s Group

15. UM People and Labs • Alex Dragt: Superconducting quantum computing • Bei Lok Hu:Quantum decoherence theory • Richard Webb: Mesoscopic Coherence • Michael Furher: Nano structures • Dennis Drew:Near-field scanning optical microscopy; spin-based quantum computing in semiconductor nanostructures ; quantum coherence

16. UM People and Labs • Steve Rolston / Luis Orozco :Experiments in laser cooling, Bose-Einstein condensation, quantum information, ultracold collsions, Atomic Parity • Fred Wellstood/Chris Lobb/Bob Anderson:Quantum coherence in superconductors; quantum computing in SQUID-based superconducting circuits • Fred will discuss some exciting new results next

17. New AMO Group • William D. Phillips (UM & NIST) • laser cooling and trapping; quantum optics; quantum information; quantum-degenerate gases. • Luis Orozco, Steve Rolston • And one senior AMO Theorist and Junior Experimentalist with IPST

18. Many Strong Collaborations Already Exist Example: QUANTUM CONTROL OF THE SINGLE COOPER PAIR BOX Principal Investigators: Marc Manheimer and Keith Schwab - LPS Collaborators: Neil Zimmerman and Bill Huber, NIST- Gaithersburg Graduate Student: Matthew LaHaye - UMUndergraduates: Rachel Griffin, David Larson, Harry Ottey, Seiichi Sakiyama- UM

19. New Resources from Maryland • Two Senior Experimentalists (done) • A Senior Theorist (TBD) • A Junior hire soon (w/IPST) • $2M Startup/Renovation • Postdocs • Students • Visitors • 5,000+ SqFt lab space

20. Possible Steps Toward Implementation • Agreement in Broad Terms • Draft MOU Regarding Establishment • Administration and Budget • Oversight • Review, etc. • Allocation of Resources and Space • Recruiting of Staff • Joint Visitor/Seminar program • Common Location (PSC)

21. LPS Participation • People • Facilities • Resources • Equipment • LPS has requested $1M/yr for three years for the AMO effort • Strong cooperation from Leadership

22. JILA provides a model for organizing a highly successful joint institute

23. JILA National Institute of Standards and Technology University of Colorado President Director, NIST Director, Physics Laboratory Chancellor Chief, QPD Assoc. Vice Chanc. Research Vice Chancellor Academic Affairs Executive Officer JILA/QPD Dean, A & S NIST Staff CU Staff Chem APS Phys Fellows of JILA Chair NIST Fellows CU Fellows Visiting Fellows, Postdoctorates, and Graduate Students

24. JILASTRENGTHS  Funding  Infrastructure  Focus  Location  Culture

25. JILA Funding 2000–2001 Total: $23,656,441 DOE DOD Univ Colorado NASA Other Sponsors Fellowships & Sabbaticals NSF Group NIST NSF OSEP NSF NIST VF

26. Next Steps • Form subgroups of interested people from LPS, NIST and UM • Start to layout the scope and commitments • Work out an organizational structure