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Discussion Questions: True or False

Discussion Questions: True or False. 1) The true meaning of a poem can only be understood by the person who wrote it. 2) Poems are always about emotions. 3) No poem can ever be completely understood. 4) A good poem makes you feel an emotion 5) Poems have to use standard grammar rules.

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Discussion Questions: True or False

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  1. Discussion Questions: True or False • 1) The true meaning of a poem can only be understood by the person who wrote it. • 2) Poems are always about emotions. • 3) No poem can ever be completely understood. • 4) A good poem makes you feel an emotion • 5) Poems have to use standard grammar rules

  2. WHAT IS POETRY? • Poetry is a way of expressing thoughts and feelings in an imaginative, suggestive language. • Poets often try to capture in words what painters and photographers can achieve with shapes and colors.

  3. GUIDELINES FOR CLOSE READING OF POETRY • Read the poem out loud at least once • Follow punctuation • Look for key words and descriptions • Write paraphrases of lines in your mind to determine meaning • Find it’s central idea or meaning

  4. Why Punctuation is Important: • Woman without her man is nothing. • Half of the class punctuated the sentence in the following way: Woman: without her, man is nothing. • The other half of the class responded with the following: Woman, without her man, is nothing.

  5. Grammar: Capitalization Rules Page 246 • Capitalize the first word in every sentence • Exercise 1 Complete & Review • Traditionally, the first word of a line of poetry is capitalized • Capitalize the first word of a directly quoted sentence. • Capitalize the first word in both the salutation and the closing of a letter. • Capitalize the pronoun/and the interjection O. • Exercise 2 Complete & Review • Capitalize proper nouns and proper adjectives • Capitalize the names of persons and animals • Capitalize initials in names and abbreviations that come before or after names.

  6. Capitalization Rules Cont. • Capitalize geographical names (places) • Exercise 3 Complete and review (page 250) • Capitalize the names of organizations, teams, government bodies, and institutions. • Capitalize the names of historical events and periods, special events, holidays and other calendar items. • Capitalize the names of nationalities, races, and peoples • Capitalize the names of religions and their followers, holy days, and celebrations, sacred writings, and specific deities. • Capitalize the names of businesses and the brand names of business products. • Capitalize the names of planets, stars, constellations, and other heavenly bodies

  7. Capitalization Rules Cont. • Capitalize the names of ships, trains, aircraft, and spacecraft. • Capitalize the names of awards, memorials, and monuments. • Capitalize the names of particular buildings and other structures. • Exercise 4 Complete and Review (page 254) • Capitalize the first and last words and all important words in titles and subtitles. • Chapter review

  8. POETRY • A type of literature that expresses ideas, feelings, or tells a story in a specific form (usually using lines and stanzas).

  9. STRUCTURES • One of the most difficult tasks is to match the content of a poem to the form that is best suited for it.

  10. POETRY FORM • FORM - the appearance of the words on the page • LINE - a group of words together on one line of the poem • STANZA - a group of lines arranged together • A word is dead • When it is said, • Some say. • I say it just • Begins to live • That day.

  11. KINDS OF STANZAS Couplet = a two line stanza Triplet (Tercet) = a three line stanza Quatrain = a four line stanza Quintet = a five line stanza Sestet (Sextet) = a six line stanza Septet = a seven line stanza Octave = an eight line stanza

  12. Sonnets • There are several different types of Sonnets and they each have a different Rhyme Scheme. • Even though all sonnets have exactly 14 lines and they are generally written in Iambic Pentameter, many authors chose to invent their own Rhyme Scheme. • You can invent your own, as well.  This is a Shakespearean Sonnet and it might be Shakespeare’s most famous one. Of course, that is debatable.

  13. SONNET 55 (352)

  14. MANHOLE COVERS (354) Bethlehem Steel Closes

  15. 400-METER FREESTYLE (356)

  16. SPEAKER • When you read a poem ask yourself who is speaking. • The speaker in a poem may be the poet, the voice in the poem could be a fictional character or an object. • In a a dramatic poem their may be more than one speaker.

  17. POINT OF VIEW IN POETRY POET • The poet is the author of the poem. SPEAKER • The speaker of the poem is the “narrator” of the poem.

  18. THE FACE IN THE MIRROR (298)

  19. THE CLOUD (300)

  20. Punctuation: Exercises 1: 266 • A statement is followed by a period (a declarative). • A question (or interrogative sentence) is followed by a question mark. • An exclamation (or exclamatory sentence) is followed by an exclamation point. • A command or request (or imperative sentence) is followed by either a period or an exclamation point. • Exercise 1 (pg. 266)

  21. Punctuation Cont. • Use a period after certain abbreviations (Ida. B. Wells) • Abbreviate social titles whether used before the full name or before the last name alone (Mr. , Mrs.) • You may abbreviate civil and military titles used before full names or before initials and last names. Spell such titles out before last names used alone (Sen., Brig. Gen, Prof. ) • Abbreviate titles and academic degrees that follow proper names. • Acronyms (AMA = American Medical Association) • Geographical Terms (Tucson, Ariz. ) • Time (A.D, B.C) • Units of Measurement (tsp , mph) • Exercise 2 complete and review (page 270)

  22. SOUND EFFECTS

  23. SOUND PATTERNS • Poets, like musicians are sensitive to the effects of sound. • Varying rhythms, use harsh or melodious words that create a sound to convey a particular mood. • In combination, these devices can give a poem a rich texture of sound, which is pleasurable in itself and which also enhances the poem’s meaning.

  24. RHYTHM • The beat created by the sounds of the words in a poem • Rhythm can be created by meter, rhyme, alliteration and refrain.

  25. METER • A pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables. • Meter occurs when the stressed and unstressed syllables of the words in a poem are arranged in a repeating pattern. • When poets write in meter, they count out the number of stressed (strong) syllables and unstressed (weak) syllables for each line. They repeat the pattern throughout the poem.

  26. METER cont. • FOOT - unit of meter. • A foot can have two or three syllables. • Usually consists of one stressed and one or more unstressed syllables. • TYPES OF FEET The types of feet are determined by the arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables. (cont.)

  27. Nostril:

  28. Present vs. Present

  29. Word Stress:

  30. Iambic - unstressed, stressed Trochaic - stressed, unstressed Anapestic - unstressed, unstressed, stressed Dactylic - stressed, unstressed, unstressed

  31. FREE VERSE POETRY • Unlike metered poetry, free verse poetry does NOT have any repeating patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables. • Does NOT have rhyme. • Free verse poetry is very conversational - sounds like someone talking with you. • A more modern type of poetry.

  32. BLANK VERSE POETRY • Written in lines of iambic pentameter, but does NOT use end rhyme. Julius Cesar: Excerpt Cowards die many times before their deaths; The valiant never taste of death but once. Of all the wonders that I yet have heard, It seems to me most strange that men should fear; Seeing that death, a necessary end, Will come when it will come.

  33. RHYME • Words sound alike because they share the same ending vowel and consonant sounds. • (A word always rhymes with itself.)

  34. Rhyming Couplets

  35. These words rhyme: Last syllable is stressed

  36. These words “almost rhyme”: The last syllable is not stressed

  37. Slant Rhyme Bridge/Grudge Moon/On Hinge/Orange

  38. Slant Rhyme There are multitudes of names for words that almost rhyme.

  39. END RHYME • A word at the end of one line rhymes with a word at the end of another line: Hector the Collector • Collected bits of string. • Collected dolls with broken heads • And rusty bells that would not ring.

  40. THE DESTRUCTION OF SENNACHERIB (334)

  41. INTERNAL RHYME • A word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line. • Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary. • From “The Raven” • by Edgar Allan Poe

  42. ONOMATOPOEIA • Words that imitate the sound they are naming • BUZZ • OR sounds that imitate another sound • “The silken, sad, uncertain, rustling of • each purple curtain . . .”

  43. JAZZ FANTASIA (337)

  44. ALLITERATION • Consonant sounds repeated at the beginnings of word. • If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, how many pickled peppers did Peter Piper pick? • Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck,

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