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Blood Practical-1

Learn about methods to measure hematological values, calculate RBC indices, determine PCV using Coulter Counter and Micro-hematocrit analyzer. Understand the clinical applications and importance in diagnosing different types of anemia.

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Blood Practical-1

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  1. Blood Practical-1

  2. Objectives • Methods used to measure the different hematological values, and compare it with the normal values. • The calculation of RBC indices, their normal values and their importance in diagnosis of different types of anemia. • Method used for determination of PCV (Hct) value.

  3. Coulter Counter • Obtain CBC (RBCs, WBC, & platelets). • Determination of hemoglobin concentration. • Determination of packed cell volume (PCV) hematocrit. • Calculation of red blood cell indices. Micro-hematocrit analyzer

  4. Coulter Counter

  5. General Principle • It counts and measures the sizes of particles (cells) by detecting and measuring the changes in electrical resistance when a particle in a conductive liquid pass through a small aperture.

  6. An electrical current is passing through the aperture This current is disturbed when a cell passes through the aperture The number of disturbances = number of particles The amount of disturbance = volume of particles

  7. Steps • Collect blood sample in anticoagulated glass tube. • Diluted by device and it will count RBCs. • A lytic reagent will be added to blood sample. • Lysis of RBCs for WBC count and Hb measurement.

  8. Normal Values

  9. Clinical application  RBC = aneamia  RBC = polycythemia  WBC = leucopenia  WBC = leucocytosis  Platelets = thrombocytopenia  Platelets = thrombocytosis

  10. Measurement of Heamatocrit Collect blood sample in heparinized capillary tube Centrifuge Read by heamatocrit reading scale

  11. Normal value

  12. Clinical Application •  Hct (PCV): •  RBC (polycythemia) ; •  plasma volume (hemo-concentration) •  Hct (PCV): •  RBC (anemia), •  plasma volume (hem-dilution)

  13. Calculation of RBC Indices • Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)= • Average RBC volume. • MCV= Hct X 10/RBC • Normal= 80-100 fl (fimtolitre ?) • Mean corpuscular heamoglobin (MCH)= • Average weight of Hb in RBC. • MCH= Hb X 10/RBC • Normal= 27-31 pg (picogram?)

  14. Calculation of RBC indices • Mean corpuscular heamoglobin concentration (MCHC)= • Concentration of Hb in 100ml of RBCs. • MCHC= Hb X 100/Hct • Normal= 32-36 g/dl

  15. Clinical Application • Helps in the diagnosis of aneamia.

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