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CROP PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT 1 st CHAPTER OF SCIENCE

CROP PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT 1 st CHAPTER OF SCIENCE. -Aneeta Antu Joseph VIII.A Kendriya Vidyalaya,AFS,Sulur. WHAT IS A CROP??. When plants of the same kind are grown and cultivated at one place on a large scale is called a CROP. TYPES OF CROPS.

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CROP PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT 1 st CHAPTER OF SCIENCE

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  1. CROP PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT1st CHAPTER OF SCIENCE -Aneeta Antu Joseph VIII.A Kendriya Vidyalaya,AFS,Sulur.

  2. WHAT IS A CROP?? • When plants of the same kind are grown and cultivated at one place on a large scale is called a CROP

  3. TYPES OF CROPS • KHARIF CROPS: The crops which are sown in the rainy season are called Kharif crops. The rainy season in India is generally from June to September. Paddy, maize, soybean, groundnut, cotton etc., are Kharif crops. • RABI CROPS: The crops grown in the winter season are called Rabi crops. Their time period is generally from October to March. Examples of Rabi crops are wheat, pea ,mustard, gram and linseed.

  4. AGRICULTURAL PRACTISES • Preparation of soil • Sowing • Adding manure and fertilisers • Irrigation • Protecting from weeds • Harvesting • Storage

  5. PREPARATION OF SOIL • The preparation of soil is the first step before growing a crop. • This allows the roots to penetrate deep into the soil. • The loose soil allows the roots to breathe easily even when they go deep into the soil. • The loosened soil helps in the growth of earthworms and microbes.

  6. SOWING • Sowing is the most important part of crop production. • Before sowing, good quality seeds are selected. • Good quality seeds are clean and healthy seeds of a good variety. • Farmers prefer to use seeds which give a high yield.

  7. ADDING MANURE AND FERTILISERS • The substances which are added to the soil in the form of nutrients for the healthy growth of plants are called ‘manure’ and ‘fertilisers’. • These mineral nutrients are essential for the growth of plants. • Manure is an organic substance o0btained from the decomposition of dead plants and animals wastes.

  8. IRRIGATION • The supply of water to crops at different intervals is called ‘irrigation’. • The time and frequency of irrigation varies from crop to crop, soil to soil and season to season. • SOURCES OF IRRIGATION-wells ponds, canals, tubewells, ponds, lakes etc.,

  9. PROTECTION FROM WEEDS • Plants which grow naturally with the crop is called as ‘weeds’, and the removal of weeds is known as ‘weeding’. • Weeding is necessary since weeds compete with the crop plants for water, nutrients, space and light.

  10. HARVESTING • The cutting of a crop after it is mature is called ‘harvesting’. • Harvesting in India is mainly done by sickle or by a machine called ‘harvester’, • The process of separating seeds from the chaff-’threshing’. • the process of the separation of grain and chaff-’winnowing’.

  11. STORAGE • If the crop grains are to be kept for longer time, they should be safe from moisture, insects, rats and micro-organisms. • If freshly harvested grains [seeds] are stored without drying, they may get spoilt or attacked by organisms, losing their germination capacity.

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