Toddlers

1. Toddlers Physical, Social, Emotional, and IntellectualDevelopment Chapters 11, 12 and 13

2. Essential Questions What is the difference between toddlers and preschoolers? How do toddlers develop physically? How do toddlers develop socially and emotionally? How do toddlers develop intellectually?

3. Physical Growth and Development in Toddlers

4. Factors controlling quality of teeth Diet (pregnancy and after birth) Drinking milk (pregnancy and after birth) Brushing teeth Flossing teeth Heredity When to start brushing? When to visit dentist? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hDZXSMU2lAk

5. Large Motor Skills 2 Years Walks well, climbs, runs, jumps Kick ball Goes up stairs with 2 feet 1 Year Walking becomes more steady Walks up and down stairs with both feet 3 Years Walks on tiptoes Rides tricycle Catches ball with straight arms

6. Small Motor Skills 2 Years Turns pages of book (1 at time) Horizontal and vertical lines Tower 8 blocks high 1 Year Pincher grasp Pull down zippers Turn door knobs Stack few blocks 3 Years Cuts inaccurately Draws recognizable pics Fork and spoon Tower 10 blocks high

7. Toddlers and Self Feeding Learn food attitudes from parents Small stomachs (3-4 hrs) No pressure No rewards http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XoVfF3BACvA

8. Learning Self Feeding Skills Practice, Practice, Practice Messy, Messy, Messy Practice, Practice, Practice amynnasser.photoshelter.com www.baby-log.com www.parentdish.co.uk

9. 2 Years Include fork use Long time and messy Time to perfect Social skills and family bonding 1 Year Simple foods Limit salt and sugar Finger foods best Spoon skills (18 months) Drinking cup 3 Years Chew with all teeth Skilled with utensils Healthy diet

10. Good Food Choices D A I R Y 3 Cups LOW FAT Bad Food Choices

11. F V R E U G I E T T A A B N L D E Good Food Choices Bad Food Choices 3 Cups

12. Good Food Choices G R A I N S Bad Food Choices 4 oz

13. Good Food Choices 5 oz M E A T Bad Food Choices

14. Making food look good for children Include the following: Color Texture Shape Temperature Ease of eating

15. Dressing Children Practice, practice, practice large motor skills small motor skills Learn Common mistakes

16. When choosing clothes for toddlers, Look for…. Durability Comfort Economy

17. It’s finally time for POTTY TRAINING! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qx-ZJ3Zyovo Between 18 months and 4 years Physically and emotionally ready Control sphincter muscle Recognize body sensations Bowel before urine Own size Sounds DO NOT PUSH

18. Bathing 1 Year---rub cloth over body 2 Years---wash and rinse 3 Years---little help or supervision Never leave unattended Slip proof mat on bottom of tub Shower when ready Turn down water temp

19. Sleep Patterns in Toddlers Toddlers start having regular sleep patterns. Around 2 yrs. no morning nap Around 3 yrs. no afternoon nap Eventually they will only sleep at night (8-12 hrs)

20. What type of sleep disruptions occur for toddlers Fears Trouble falling asleep (routine) Adult presence Distractions Over stimulation

21. SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN TODDLERS

22. Year 1 Emotions Self centered Negativism Temper tantrums

23. Year 2 Emotions Speech and motor improvement More patient Less self centered Not easily distracted Independent!

24. 3 Year Emotions Cooperative Love praise Fears set in Bad habits begin Routines can help

25. Specific Emotions of Toddlers Anger Where direct it? Fear Common fears Jealousy Sibling rivalry Love and affection Future relationships Empathy Sorry

26. Positive Self Concept How we see ourselves Actions, attitudes and comments 1-3 yrs critical Act the part Mastering skills (challenge them)

27. Is my child developing normally? Do they have a good relationship with you? Do they want your praise and approval? Do they turn to you for good and bad? Do they tell you significant events in their life? Do they accepts limits and discipline?

28. Social Skills Year Two Interaction Communication Do for me but not you Fairness Fight (forgive and forget) Year Three Cooperative play Work together Share? Compare self to others Year One Parallel play Objects not humans Actions do affect others

29. Friends For normal social development: Children need at least one friend If not interested, why? Dependent upon socialization

30. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jT4UuQu4YxQ Yes, it’s normal Some hang around, other disappear Good part Bad part How long do they stay? Imaginary Friends

31. Guiding Toddlers Purpose of guidance is???????? This is ability to control own actions Be sure technique is age and developmentally appropriate!

32. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fVFt7Ahs8gw Techniques that work! 12-15 months Distraction Physical removal 2 years Spoken command Explanation Reasoning 15-24 months Distraction Physical removal Spoken restrictions 3 years Reasonable, loving guidance

33. How do I teach my child to share? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=msJ9KDxGZOs Role model Activities that require sharing Limit materials Pass out snacks/treats Sharing words

34. Stacey, who is four, was playing with blocks at her child care center. Another child the age came to the block area and began to play also. Stacey protested that the blocks were for her to play with. One of the center’s staff heard them talking. Can the work it out on their own? Explain sharing? Work together on something?

35. For the holiday, three year old Johnny and his two year old brother Randy both received coloring books. Randy like the characters in his brother’s coloring book and tried to take it. Johnny got mad and tried to get it back. Their parents heard the argument and came to see what was happening. Do you have to share gifts? Distract randy by showing him his pictures Ask if sharing would be ok. Trade 1 page each?

36. Megan and her neighbor Sondra are playing in the sandbox in Megan’s back yard while Megan’s father watches them. They are both 18 months old. Sondra reaches for a toy that Megan wants. She pushes Sondra and grabs the toy herself. Sondra falls down into the sandbox and starts to cry. Give to to Sondra (meagan needs to) Give Megan another toy for distraction?

37. Charlie, who is two, and Carrie, who is three, are at the pool with their mother. She is taking turns giving them rides around the pool. Carries gets mad because she says Charlie has gotten more rides than she has. Mom reinforce fairness/sharing Show how it is fair

38. Ben, who is almost two, has gotten into the emergency candle drawer where his parents keep matches. His father catches him. Tell him matches are bad? Remove him form the area Distract him with something appropriate Move the matches?

39. Intellectual Development in Toddlers

40. ROLE OF INTELLIGENCE Intelligence is… the ability to interpret or understand everyday situations and to use that experience when faced with new situations or problems. Intelligence is shaped by heredity because….. Intelligence is shaped by environment because… Toddlers and preschoolers form their attitudes toward learning that will last a life time. If curiosity is encouraged, the child develops a positive attitude toward learning

41. METHODS OF LEARNING Trial and Error Learning Incidental Learning Imitation Directed Learning

42. What is a concept? This is how toddlers organize information they receive from the outside world. SIZE color shape TIME

43. Intellectual Activity Intellectual activity is broken down into 7 areas All of these areas develop throughout life but are especially remarkable from years one to three. The mind at work!

44. 1. ATTENTION What are your senses taking in right now? see pictures, read words, light in the room, neighbors reaction, smells, room temperature, people being rude and talking… Children are easily distracted. You have learned to block a lot of this out, children cannot do that. This develops with age. A 3 year old has a longer attention span than a 1 year old has

45. 2. MEMORY Without memory, there would be no learning. • As children age, their memory gets better. Memory increases with age.

46. 3. PERCEPTION As children gain new information, their brain begins to organize itself. Talking to children and using descriptive words will help a child become more perceptive Answering all the “why” questions will help to improve their perception.

47. 4. REASONING This is basic to the ability to solve problems and make decisions. It is also important in recognizing relationships and forming concepts. Toddlers learn to make good decisions through practice---give them a chance! When giving them choices, keep them limited and simple

48. 5. IMAGINATION This becomes apparent at about 2 years—scientists are uncertain if babies have imaginations. Children use their imagination to connect what they see and hear with themselves. Until the age of 5, children don’t understand the difference between reality and imagination

49. 6. CREATIVITY Imagination is used to produce creativity The end result is usually a product (painting..)

50. 7. CURIOSITY This is what causes children to wonder WHY! Children begin to have new experiences and explore---they are curious. NEVER stifle a child’s ability to learn and explore.