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XML, CM, and KM KMWorld 2001 Thursday November 1, 2001

XML, CM, and KM KMWorld 2001 Thursday November 1, 2001. Agenda. What is XML? What does it offer? What are some of the weaknesses? Trends in XML, CM, and KM. Why XML?. A critical component of KM involves knowledge representation and codification

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XML, CM, and KM KMWorld 2001 Thursday November 1, 2001

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  1. XML, CM, and KM KMWorld 2001Thursday November 1, 2001

  2. Agenda • What is XML? • What does it offer? • What are some of the weaknesses? • Trends in XML, CM, and KM

  3. Why XML? • A critical component of KM involves knowledge representation and codification • To support knowledge activities, computers must have access to structured collections of information and sets of inference rules that they can use to conduct automated reasoning

  4. What is XML? • Structured data interchange • A common syntax for expressing structure in data • Designed to account for “unstructured” data • Documents • Inherently conveys meaning/structure • Content and process separate from structure • Delivered via standard text files

  5. XML Example – Rich Site Summary <?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE rss PUBLIC "-//Netscape Communications//DTD RSS 0.91//EN" "http://my.netscape.com/publish/ formats/rss-0.91.dtd"> <rss version="0.91" encoding= "ISO_8859-1"> <channel> <title>book news</title> <link>http://www.test.com</link> <description>Book news - headlines from around the web, refreshed every 15 minutes</description> <language>en-us</language> </channel>

  6. Headlines <item> <title> 'Author Unknown' by Don Foster </title> <link> http://www.salon.com/books/feature/2001/10/30/pbacks/index.html </link> <description> Salon Nov 1 2001 6:51AM </description> </item>

  7. XML is open • Open standards NOT proprietary • Platform neutral, license-free and widely supported • Influenced by a number of standards organization • Agreement on a number of core standards in the XML family

  8. XML strengths • Flexible • Make collaborative information exchange simpler • Less expensive implementation • Light-weight software modules • Separates content from processing • Easily internationalized • Full Unicode support • Enables complex information retrieval

  9. XML is flexible • Very flexible – you can define your own languages, vocabulary, and metadata • Easily extended by adding additional elements (fields) and attributes • Data description can be sent with the data

  10. XML enables less expensive implementation • Implementation tools are modularized • XML browser can be implemented in less than 200K • HTML browser > 4MB to 80 MB • Standard syntax makes processing easier and therefore less expensive • Simple implementation of “validity checking” • Lower cost • Allow small and medium-sized organizations to participate in data exchange initiatives

  11. XML separates content from process • Doesn’t impose a particular manner for processing • Doesn’t impose constraints on how to handle information • Same data can be used in web page, hand held device through simple “transformations” • “loosely coupled” • “future proof”

  12. XML is easily internationalized • Unicode standard supports a wide range of languages and scripts • Latin (Western and Eastern European, non-western languages) • Greek • Cyrillic • Hebrew • Arabic • Armenian • Georgian • Thai • Lao • Hangul (Korean) • Ideographs (Chinese, Japanese, Korean) • Hiragana and Katakana (Japanese) • Cherokee • Khmer • Ethiopian

  13. XML enables complex information retrieval • Supports encoding of metadata through both standardized and constructed tag sets

  14. XML downsides • Space, processor, and bandwidth hog • Just a document syntax, not a full-fledged programming language • Doesn’t work for binary data • Is a regression from centralized and efficient databanks • Specifications are not complete

  15. XML – just one part of the puzzle

  16. XML and content management • CM systems repositories use XML for tagging and storing information • CM systems use XML as a standard protocol for integration with other applications • XML is invisible to the information creator • XML markup created as the information is captured

  17. Emerging Standards For KM • XTM • OPML • RFML • FLBC • Industry specific standards: • Legal • Publishing • Scientific research

  18. XTM: Topic Maps • Topic maps are a new ISO standard for describing knowledge structures and associating them with information resources • Used to organize information into knowledge bases • “GPS” for information • http://www.topicmaps.org/xtm/index.html “A book without an index is like a country without a map”

  19. OPML • Outline Processor Markup Language • Outline-structured information • Used for data the is easily browsed and editable • Specifications • Legal briefs • Product plans • Presentations • Screenplays • Directories

  20. RFML • Relational-functional markup language • Used to define relationship and functions among data elements • Tables within relational databases • Relational views

  21. FLBC • Formal Language for Business Communication • Automated communication • Conversation management • Dialog management • Based on speech act theory • Formally defined message types • Broad range of message types • Defined in terms of intentions • Clear delineation between message type and content

  22. XML in Use • Portals • Content management & syndication • Content management: industry sector • Integration • Analytical/decision making • Search and retrieval • Visualization

  23. Questions ?

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