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Miss Janya Pikul

Effect of thickening agents from tamarind gum for printing on silk and cotton fabrics by natural dye from Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn) Rind. Miss Janya Pikul. Chemical engineering, Faculty of Engineer Burapha university. Outline. Introduction Objective & Scope of work Methods

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Miss Janya Pikul

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  1. Effect of thickening agents from tamarind gum for printing on silk and cotton fabrics by natural dye from Mangosteen(Garcinia mangostana Linn) Rind Miss Janya Pikul Chemical engineering, Faculty of Engineer Buraphauniversity

  2. Outline • Introduction • Objective & Scope of work • Methods • Results & Discussion • Conclusion

  3. Introduction Thickening agent Generally thickening agent is hydrocolloids, as called gums, which are hydrophobic polymers derived from plant, seaweed and seed or root of plant. Table 1 Source of natural thickening agent • Natural thickening agent • Modified natural thickening agent • Synthetic thickening agent Figure 1 Modified Natural Thickening agent

  4. Introduction Tamarind (Tamarindusindica L.) Table 2 Ratio of monosaccharide of tamarind seed (a) Figure 2 Tamarind pods (a), tamarind kernel (b) and tamarind kernel powder (c) (c) (b) Polysaccharide content : ~ 65-72% Figure 3Xyloglucan structure of tamarind kernel powder.

  5. Introduction Carboxymethylation Figure 4General process of carboxymethylationfor tamarind gum Tamarind-OH+NaOH Tamarind gum-Ona+H2O……………...(Eq. 1) Tamarind-ONa+ClCH2COO Tamarind-OCH2COONa+NaCl.....(Eq. 2) Side reaction NaOH + ClCH2OOH HOCH2COONa+NaCl…………………. (Eq.3)

  6. Introduction Natural dye Silk Mangosteen : GarciniamangostanaLinn Figure 5 Dried mangosteen rind Cotton Figure 6 Chemical structure of cyanidin-3-glucoside (R1=R2=R3=H) and cyaniding 3-sophoroside (R1=R2=H and R3=glucosyl) (Du & Francis, 1977).

  7. Introduction Evaluation of Color strength Evaluation of color fastness Figure 9 Spectrophotometer for measuring colored textiles. The relative colour strength (K/S values) was determined using the theKubelka-Munk equation: K/S = (1-R)2/2R where R is reflectance, K is the absorption coefficient, and S is the scattering coefficient. (a) Gray scale for colourchange (b) Gray scale for colour staining Figure 10 Gray scale for assessed; Gray scale for colour change (a) and Gray scale for colour staining (b) Note: Gray scale can devide to 5 rating, that meaning are 5= very good, 4=good, 3=fair, 2=poor and 1=very poor.

  8. Objective & Scope of work Objective • The tamarind kernel powder (TKP) was modified by using carboxymethylation. • Natural dye extracted from mangosteen rind was applied to textile printing by using carboxymethylated tamarind gum (CTG) for thickening agent. Scope of work - The kind of thickening agents : Trade tamarind gum (TTG),Carboxymethylated tamarind gum (CTG), tamarind kernel powder (TKP) - Two type of textiles as silk and cotton were used in this research. 1. K/S (Kubelka-Munk) • 2. Colour fastness • - Colourfastness to water ( ISO105-E01: 1994 • - Colour fastness to perspiration (ISO 105-E04 : 1994) • - Colour fastness to washing (ISO 105-C06 : 1994) • - Colour fastness to rubbing (ISO 105-X12:2001) • - Colour fastness to light (ISO 105-B02:1994 By characterize:

  9. Methods Carboxymethylation (a) Methanol : 100 ml (b) Tamarind kernel powder (TKP) : 0.1 mol (c) Monochloroaceticacid (MCA) : 0.089 mol (d) NaOH : 0.158 mol (b) (d) (a) (c) Filter Adjust pH = 7 (HCl) wash in methanol:water (80:20) Filter Room Temperature, 15 min 70 °C, 90 min Figure 11 Flow chart of carboxymethylation 40 °C, 240 min Carboxymethylatedtamarid gum (CTG)

  10. Methods Natural dye Extraction Extraction natural dye was performed by the method of Zin, Moe, (2008) as shown in flowchart. Ethanol : water (40:60) 500 ml, 60 °C for 60 min. Dye Mangosteen rind grinding 100 g Filter cloth 180 mesh • Boiled at 80 °C until are 40% solid content Natural dye Figure 12 Flow chart of extraction natural dye % Solid = ((C-A)/B ) x 100 Where A = weight of crucible cup B = weight of sample before oven. C = weight of sample and crucible cup after oven.

  11. Methods Printing • Viscosity (Brookfielf RVT speed=20 rpm) = 8,000-9,000 cps. • Printed fabric was dried at 90oC for 2 min and steam at 110oC for 10 min. • Printed fabric was rinsed with cold water until clear water and then soaked hot water at 100◦C for 10 min in presence Avcoquest RM-1 soap 1 g/l, rinse and dried. Print paste Figure 13Printing process.

  12. Result Appearance of fabrics printed K/S (Kubelka-Munk) Figure 15 Effect of kind of thickener on depth of shade of silk and cotton prints. Figure 14 Appearance of printed silk fabrics: (a) TTG, (b) CTG and (c)TKP and cotton fabrics (d) TTG, (e) CTG and (f) TKP

  13. Result Colour fastness to washing Table 3Colour fastness to washing at 40 ºC (ISO 105-C06 A1S: 1994)

  14. Result Colour fastness to water Table 4 Colourfastness to water (ISO 105-E01: 1994)

  15. Result Colour fastness to perspiration (Acid) Table 5 Colour fastness to perspiration (Acid) (ISO 105-E04: 1994)

  16. Result Colour fastness to perspiration (Alkaline) Table 6 Colour fastness to perspiration (Alkaline) (ISO 105-E04: 1994)

  17. Result Table 7 Colour fastness to light (ISO 105-B02: 1994) Table 8 Colourfastness to rubbing (ISO 105-X12: 2001)

  18. Conclusions • Assessment results of fabrics printed from thickening agent with natural dye can conclusion as follow: • The depth shade (K/S) value of cotton prints is higher more than silk. • Colour fastness to washing, water, perspiration (acid & alkaline) fastness ratings were very good (4/5). • Colourfastness to light fastness was fair level (3) • Colourfastness to rubbing is shown to be in the range of 3-4 to 4-5 (fair to very good).

  19. Acknowledge • TRF-MASTER RESEARCH GRANTS (MRG555E068) • TNH. Import & Export .Co.,Ltd • Rajamangala University of Technology PhraNakhon • Burapha university

  20. Thank you

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