A good speech is like a relationship. Sometimes it’s easy, and sometimes it takes a lot of work .

1. A good speech is like a relationship. Sometimes it’s easy, and sometimes it takes a lot of work. -Anonymous

2. Sample Speech Ronald Reagan, “Challenger Speech” January 28,1986. (W p. 94) QUIZ Question 1: Jot down the values you hear praised What was special about the people being honored? How does their example teach or encourage us?

4. Special Occasion Speeches The ancient Greeks called this epideictic oratory.

5. Special Occasion Speeches aim to inspire or to entertain through • BUILDING COMMUNITY • USING IDENTIFICATION • USING MAGNIFICATION

6. When we aim to inspire, we celebrate what we hold in common in our community. • We reaffirm the values • We recommit ourselves to live according to those values

7. The Special Occasion SpeechWorkbook p. 88 • 4.5 minutes in length [+/- 30 sec.] • Manuscript delivery • No outlines required! • Still needs to be organized with connectives, and proper introductions and conclusions. • Still needs a Specific Purpose and Central Idea

8. The Special Occasion Speech • No source citation requirements!

9. Two Different Approaches To Inspire your audience (Commemorative Speeches) or To Entertain your audience (After Dinner Speeches)

10. Commemorative Speech A speech that pays tribute to a person, a group of people, an institution, or an idea.

11. Commemorative Speeches • What to do: • Explain your personal attachment. • Relate stories that explain why you are inspired. • Explain to the audience what they can learn. • Help the values have an impact through creative language.

12. Commemorative Speeches • What NOT to do: • Don’t deliver an informative speech. • Don’t give a Wedding Toast or Eulogy. • Don’t rely overmuch on quotes from others.

13. Commemorative SP and CI SP: To inspire my audience with the lessons I learned from my grandfather. CI: My grandfather taught me to live my life as best as possible by showing patience, helping those less fortunate than myself, and being honest.

14. Commemorative SP and CI • SP: To inspire my audience through celebrating the example of Rosa Parks. • CI: Rosa Parks inspired us all to act more responsibly in the world as we imitate the spirit of courage and conviction embodied in her example.

15. Speeches to Entertain A speech to entertain that makes a thoughtful point about its subject in a lighthearted manner.

16. Speeches to Entertain • What to do: • Explain your personal attachment. • Relate the humor directly to your audience. • Include a lesson or moral to be learned in the end of the speech.

17. After-Dinner Speeches • What NOT to do: • Don’t put on a standup comedy routine. • Don’t use someone else’s stories. • Don’t use inappropriate humor.

18. Speeches to Entertain • A speech about my family • SP: To entertain my audience with stories of my family’s summer reunions. • CI: The characters in my family sometimes do outlandish things, but I wouldn’t trade my time with them for anything.

19. After-Dinner Speech SP and CI • A speech about my term abroad • SP: To entertain my audience with tales from my semester in Spain. • CI: My study abroad experience was full of amazing and bizarre events, but I learned more about myself and how to deal with differences than I ever expected to.

20. Sample Speech to Entertain

21. Which to Choose?

22. Quiz Question 2 • As discussed moments ago, what is the central goal of Special Occasion speaking?

23. Final Exam • It isn’t required! • It can’t hurt your grade. • It’s all multiple choice. • It’s cumulative. (covers material from all semester) • 3 o’clock lecture: 2:15-4:15 Monday, Dec. 15 • 2 o’clock lecture: 12-2 Tuesday, Dec. 16

24. Last bits due… • Special Occasion Topic form due Thursday at midnight. (Tomorrow night!) • Class Friday is ONLINE! • Special Occasion Workshop Friday after break. • The Required Outside Speech Observation is due this Friday. [Bonus Outside Speech can be turned in through Workshop Day]

25. Lectures remaining • Wednesday, 17 Nov 2010 • Game development - 7:00 PM @ 1210 LeBaron Hall - Mike Upah • Leadership: The Art of Developing Followership - 7:30 PM @ Sun Room, Memorial Union - Anne Mulcahy • Thursday, 18 Nov 2010 • Algorithmic Thinking in Biology - 8:00 PM @ Cardinal Room, Memorial Union - Iowa State professor of computer science VasantHonavar

26. Language Matters Chapter 11

27. Denotation vs. Connotation • Denotation is the dictionary definition. • Connotation is the cultural meaning—what the terms suggests or implies. • "House" vs. "Home"

28. One feature of vivid language is imagery. Concrete Words Simile Metaphor Personification

29. Stylistic Devices • Simile – Explicit comparisons using the words like or as to compare things that are different yet have something in common. • “A hairless face is like a Christmas tree without the lights or ornaments.”

30. Stylistic Devices • Simile Example • Life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what you’re going to get.

31. Stylistic Devices • The cliché is like the cardinal sin of similes! • Originality matters this round. • You can do better than using other people’s words.

32. Quiz Question 3 • Create a simile about speech class. Don’t use a cliché or you won’t get points for this question!

33. Stylistic Devices • Metaphor – an implicit comparison that does not use like or as to compare things that are different yet have something in common.

34. Stylistic Devices • Metaphor example: • A crocodile’s teeth are white daggers ready to tear through you.

35. Metaphor “well-worn face sweater” Referring to the “chapters” of a life Space as a “frontier”

36. Stylistic Devices • Personification – Giving life-like qualities and characteristics to inanimate objects.

37. Stylistic Devices • Personification Example: • I think that batteries are the most dramatic of all objects. Most things will break or stop working, but batteries die.

38. A second feature of vivid language is rhythm. Parallelism Alliteration Antithesis Repetition

39. Stylistic Devices • Parallelism – The similar arrangement of a pair or series of related words, phrases, or sentences.

40. Stylistic Devices • Parallelism Example • I would not, could not, on a boat! • I would not, could not, with a goat!

41. Parallelism Examples • Parallelism • Reagan “There will be more shuttle flights and more shuttle crews, and, yes, more volunteers, more civilians, more teachers in space.” (W p. 94) • Bush“Americans are generous and kind, resourceful and brave.” (W p. 100)

42. Stylistic Devices • Alliteration – Repetition of the initial consonant sound of close or adjoining words.

43. Stylistic Devices • Alliteration Example • Peter Piper Picked a Pack of Pickled Peppers • “Beards, they’re beautiful, buxom, bodacious and let’s face it, they're kinda bad.”

44. Quiz Question 4 • Create a sentence that uses Alliteration to describe your speech lab.

45. Stylistic Devices • Antithesis – The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas, usually in parallel structure.

46. Stylistic Devices • Antithesis Example • “Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.” • “We are not defined by our traits, we define our traits.”

47. Stylistic Devices • Repetition – Repeating the same word or set of words at the beginning or end of successive clauses or sentences.

48. Stylistic Devices • Repetition Example • I have a dream… • One hundred years later… • Go back to…

49. Impromptu Speaking Speaking with little or no preparation P. 133 in the Workbook Examples

50. END