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Tropos Product and Technology Overview

Tropos Product and Technology Overview. GSG Technology Ltd. Murat SEZER. Agenda. Introduction Tropos MetroMesh™ Architecture Tropos Purpose-Built MetroMesh Routers Tropos MetroMesh OS Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol Virtual Network Infrastructure Metro-Scale Roaming

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Tropos Product and Technology Overview

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  1. Tropos Product and Technology Overview GSG Technology Ltd. Murat SEZER

  2. Agenda • Introduction • Tropos MetroMesh™ Architecture • Tropos Purpose-Built MetroMesh Routers • Tropos MetroMesh OS • Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol • Virtual Network Infrastructure • Metro-Scale Roaming • Multi-Layered Security • Tropos Control Element Manager • Deploying a MetroMesh Network • Summary

  3. Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol Virtual Network Infrastructure Metro Scale Roaming Multi-layer Security Tropos MetroMesh™ System • Tropos Control • Only purpose-built metro-scaleWi-Fi mesh network element manager • Centralized management of distributed system • Scales to handle true metro-scale deployments: thousands of nodes • Enables simplest deployments,lowest TCO and best reliability MetroMesh OS • Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol (PWRP™) • Metro-scale coverage and capacity • Full metro-scale roaming • Multiple virtual networks Metro-Scale Optimized Architecture • Open-Standard Platform • Industry’s best outdoor radio performance • COTS technology: Radio + router + power system • Purpose-built for long-life outdoors • Wi-Fi  WiMAX

  4. Tropos Architecture Wired IP Network P2MP, e.g., Canopy, WiMAX Backhaul Ethernet to Fiber Ring T-1/E-1 MetroMeshRouters asWired Gateways DSL MetroMeshRouters StandardWi-FiClients

  5. The MetroMesh™ System • Tropos MetroMesh™ OS • Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol(PWRP™) for superior performance, rapiddeployment and unfettered scalability • Multiple private and public networks ona single wireless infrastructure • Secure roaming throughout the metrocoverage area • Multi-layer security delivered to theedge of the wireless network • Tropos Control Element Manager • Metro Wi-Fi optimized, SNMP-compliantnetwork management • Purpose-Built Hardware • Carrier-grade outdoor, indoor, and mobile MetroMesh™ routers Metro-Scale Mesh Networking Defined™

  6. Tropos MetroMesh™ Routers • Tropos 5210 outdoor MetroMesh router • High powered coverage for standard 802.11g and 802.11b clients • Economical delivery of subscriber capacity (reduced node density) • Totally weather tight and hurricane resistant • Multiple power options, simple to install • Tropos 3210 indoor MetroMesh router • Extends the mesh indoors • Tropos 4210 mobileMetroMesh router • In-vehicle mobile mesh node • High-powered mobile client • High-speed roaming

  7. Tropos 5210 MetroMesh™ Router The Most Efficient Metro-optimized Radio • The best throughput, with the first metro-scale 802.11g mesh • The best power output (36 dBm EIRP) • The best receive sensitivity (-100 dBm at 1 Mbps) Safely Deployable Anywhere • -40ºC to 55ºC operating range • IP67 weathertight • 165 mph wind survivability • Lightning, power surge, EMC protected • Available battery backup for non-stopoperation Simply Deployable Everywhere • 90-480V AC, 12-48V DC flexible power • Built-in PoE (12,24,48VDC) to power Canopy,cameras etc. • 14 lbs, 13"x8"x5¼"

  8. Designed for simple installation One nut-driver Universal mounting bracket On-board bubble Levels All nodes have two Ethernet ports Uplink so any node can become agateway Downlink for attaching cameras,or other wired networking devices Wood Pole Mount LamppostMount VerticalPoleMount Simple, Flexible 5210 Mounting

  9. Highest Output Power Transmit Power 29 dBm Antenna Gain 7 dBi EIRP 36 dBm Legal Limit 36 dBm • Lowest Node Density • Optimal node-to-node performance • Most Reliable Mesh • Best-in-class reception for standard clients • Alternate path routing for reliability = Tropos 5210 Radio and Amplifier Best Receive Sensitivity +

  10. Tropos 3210 Indoor MetroMesh Router • 100mw radio, user selectable antennas • Runs Tropos PWRP routing to extend outdoor networks indoors • Can be used in stand-alonenetworks where backhaulwiring is expensive orimpossible • Allows seamless roamingbetween indoor andoutdoor networks formobile users and devices

  11. Tropos 4210 Mobile MetroMesh Router • Trunk or dash-mounted with external antennas • Built-in GPS • Same radios, power output andreceive sensitivity as 5210 fixednodes • 36dBm EIRP (~4 W) compared totypical 100mW standard Wi-Fi card • Each vehicle carries a high-poweredhot zone with it • Tropos-optimized, high speedroaming • Reduces node density for rural and suburban applications • 50-75% fewer nodes in an RF-friendly environment • Has the same meshing capability as fixed nodes • Can extend the metro mesh • Can form a tactical ad-hoc mesh between vehicles

  12. Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol Virtual Network Infrastructure Metro Scale Roaming Multi-layer Security Tropos MetroMesh™ OS • Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol • High throughput, self-configuring, self-healing, scalable networks • Virtual Network Infrastructure • Multiple user groups sharing the same infrastructure • QoS-ensured user and application priorities • Metro-Scale Roaming • Full transparent roaming throughout the coverage area • Node to node, subnet to subnet • Maintains TCP sessions and all authentication connections • Multi-Layer Security • Supports multi-layered, high security models • Appropriate policies for each user group The Core of a High Performance, Reliable, Scalable Wireless Infrastructure

  13. Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol Virtual Network Infrastructure Metro Scale Roaming Multi-layer Security Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol • Layer 3 implementation • Self-organizing • Self-healing • Throughput optimized • Unlimited scalability PWRP: The Core of MetroMesh OS

  14. Wired backhaul Optimal routing paths Alternate back-up routes PWRP: Self Organizing The Wi-Fi cellsautomatically discover one another,

  15. Wired backhaul Optimal routing paths Alternate back-up routes PWRP: Self Organizing The Wi-Fi cellsautomatically discover one another, intelligently choosing optimal paths back to the wired connection.

  16. Wired backhaul Optimal routing paths Alternate back-up routes PWRP: Self Organizing Newly added Wi-Fi cells participate in auto-discovery,

  17. Wired backhaul Optimal routing paths Alternate back-up routes PWRP: Self Organizing Newly added Wi-Fi cells participate in auto-discovery, recalculating the optimal paths to the wired connection.

  18. Wired backhaul Optimal routing paths Alternate back-up routes PWRP: Self Organizing Capacity can be dynamically upgraded by adding backhaul lines as needed

  19. Wired backhaul Optimal routing paths Alternate back-up routes PWRP: Self Organizing Capacity can be dynamically upgraded by adding backhaul lines as needed

  20. Wired backhaul Optimal routing paths Alternate back-up routes PWRP: Self Organizing Capacity can be dynamically upgraded by adding backhaul lines as needed

  21. Wired backhaul Optimal routing paths Alternate back-up routes PWRP: Self Healing If a backhaul link fails…

  22. Wired backhaul Optimal routing paths Alternate back-up routes PWRP: Self Healing If a backhaul link fails…

  23. Wired backhaul Optimal routing paths Alternate back-up routes PWRP: Self Healing If a backhaul link failsthe network automatically adapts by re-assigning paths in real-time to maintain connectivity.

  24. Wired backhaul Optimal routing paths Alternate back-up routes PWRP: Self Healing Similarly, if interference causes a path to fail…

  25. Wired backhaul Optimal routing paths Alternate back-up routes PWRP: Self Healing Similarly, if interference causes a path to fail…

  26. Wired backhaul Optimal routing paths Alternate back-up routes PWRP: Self Healing Similarly, if interference causes a path to failthe network re-configures to route around the obstruction.

  27. PWRP: Smart Routing Creates Capacity • Retransmissions reduce subscriber capacity when shared airlink is used more than once to transmit same data • Two causes of retransmissions in a metro-scale mesh • Number of hops – effect limited because subscribers typically2-3 hops from Internet connection • Packet errors caused by interference – effect potentially unlimited on error-prone links • Maximizing subscriber capacity requires minimizing total retransmissions • PWRP dynamically selects best end-to-end data paths Reduces Total Retransmissions and Creates Subscriber Capacity

  28. PWRP 100% 80% Non-throughput optimized protocols 60% Throughput 40% 20% 0% 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Transmissions Per Packet PWRP: Smart Routing Creates Capacity PWRP Creates Subscriber Capacity by Avoiding Retransmissions • Legacy protocols do not minimize packet errors • Packet errors consume subscriber capacity • Packet errors cause more retransmissions than hops

  29. PWRP: Unlimited Scalability Metro-Scale Means Big Networks • Hundreds or thousands ofnodes are required to covermetro areas • Protocol overhead for legacymesh algorithms grows as thenetwork grows • As much as 20 Mbps in a2,000 node city-wide network • Consumes almost all availablethroughput of 802.11gnetwork PWRP Overhead Remains Flat at <5%of Network Bandwidth

  30. -86dB Unobstructed -110dBm -40dB -20dB 802.11a: 5.8 GHz Metro-Optimized Radio 802.11g: 2.4 GHz -20dB -10dB -74dBm -87dBmRX Sensitivity(24 MbpsData Rate) 36dBmEIRP -80dB Unobstructed 2.4 GHz Outdoors • 802.11g does not suffer from5 GHz propagation issues • Provides typically 20-40dBi better performance outdoors • 802.11g signal gets through 5GHz Mesh Typically Requires 3–6x MetroMeshNode Density

  31. A single wireless infrastructure supporting Up to 16 ESSIDs VLAN tags by ESSID and IP address Advanced industry-standardsecurity options for eachvirtual network 802.1x WPA support AES encryption for all internode traffic Quality of Service Priority and bandwidth control by user group (IP range) and application (port) Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol Virtual Network Infrastructure Metro Scale Roaming Multi-layer Security Virtual Network Infrastructure Multiple User Groups Supported on a Single Physical Network

  32. City ISP City Hall Business SOHO Residential ESSID: City1WEP/VPNPriority 3 ESSID: SOHO1WEP1.0 MbpsPriority 5 ESSID: Work1802.1xUnlimitedPriority 4 ESSID: Home1Open500 KbpsPriority 6 ESSID: FD1802.1xPriority 2 ESSID: PD1802.1x/VPNPriority 1 Fire Dept. Police Dept. Multiple ESSID and VLAN Support

  33. Federal State County Application-Level QoS Application Prioritization Police Dept. VideoSurveillance 28/29Inquiries CAD Priority 31Mbps Cap Priority 1 Priority 2 • Traffic priority defined by port or application server IP address • CAD (dispatch) gets highest operational priority • 28/29 Inquiries (people and vehicles) also very important • Video Surveillance gets high traffic priority plus bandwidth cap to protect other applications

  34. Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol Virtual Network Infrastructure Metro Scale Roaming Multi-layer Security Metro-Scale Roaming • Full transparent roaming throughout the coverage area • Node to node, subnet to subnet • Maintains session persistence • Single sign-on • Maintains TCP sessions and all authentication connections Operates as a Single, ContiguousWi-Fi Coverage Area

  35. VPNAuthentication User ID: VPN_ID PW: XXXX Metro-Scale Roaming Authentication Preserved Throughout the Network • Sign-on required only at start of session • Secure connectivity continues during re-association with nodes • ESSID, WEP/802.1x and VPN links maintained across entire network

  36. IP Tunnel Traffic TCP Session Metro-Scale Roaming Client Connects in Cluster A Cluster C • IP address of client (192.168.1.110) is in subnet covering both wired and wireless interfaces of Gateway A and Gateway B • Gateway A uses proxy-ARP to answer for client’s packets from other devices, such as Default Router 192.168.1.110 Gateway C Cluster A Cluster B Gateway A Canopy Backhaul Gateway B 192.168.2.0/24 192.168.1.0/24 Internet

  37. IP Tunnel Traffic TCP Session Metro-Scale Roaming Client Roams to Cluster B 192.168.1.110 Cluster C • IP address of client remains constant • Client is registered in Gateway B’s roaming database and deregistered in Gateway A’s • Gateway B issues gratuitous ARP to clear ARP caches of other devices • Gateway B assumes proxy-ARP responsibility for client • TCP sessions transparently preserved Gateway C Cluster A Cluster B Gateway A Canopy Backhaul Gateway B 192.168.2.0/24 192.168.1.0/24 Internet

  38. IP Tunnel Traffic TCP Session Metro-Scale Roaming 192.168.1.110 Client Roams to Cluster C Cluster C • IP address of client remains constant, even though its subnet changes • Client is registered in Gateway C’s roaming database • Looks up home gateway (B) from Gateway List • Gateway C opens IP tunnel to Gateway B • Client traffic forwarded through tunnel • TCP sessions transparently preserved Gateway C Cluster A Cluster B Gateway A Canopy Backhaul Gateway B 192.168.2.0/24 192.168.1.0/24 Internet

  39. Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol Virtual Network Infrastructure Metro Scale Roaming Multi-layer Security Tropos MetroMesh™ OS • Supports multi-layered, high security models • Appropriate policies for each user group • Reinforces wireline security infrastructure • Completely customizable for each environment Multiple Security Policies for MultipleUser Groups

  40. VPN:IPSEC3DES/SHA1 MACAddress Filtering VPNTrafficFiltering Multi-Layer Security VPN/ Radius Servers Control and Management:128 bitAES Client To Client: 64/128 bit WEP TKIP Internode Data: 64/128 bit WEP128 bit AES WirelessNode WiredGateway Client Options Encryption:64/128 bit WEPWPA TKIP Authentication:WPA 802.1x with RADIUSWPA PSK 802.11b/g Wireless Network VPN Tunnel Tropos Control and Management Wired Network

  41. Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol Virtual Network Infrastructure Metro Scale Roaming Multi-layer Security Tropos MetroMesh™ OS • Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol • Self-organizing, self-healing, scalable • Industry best subscriber capacity • Virtual Network Infrastructure • Leverage of city-wide infrastructure for the entire city enterprise • Metro-Scale Roaming • Single sign-on and security preserved throughout the coverage area • Multi-Layer Security • Highest, industry-standard security to the edge of the network • Independent options and policies for each enterprise user group The Core of a High Performance, Reliable, Scalable Wireless Infrastructure

  42. Tropos Control Element Manager • Wireless-optimized network management • Metrics based on actual measured wireless performance • Over-the-air configuration and provisioning • Supports thousands of MetroMesh routers • Centralized managementof the entire network • Router configuration • Real-time network monitoring and control • Sophisticated faultmonitoring and reporting • On-air software upgrades • SNMP-compliant • Readily integrates intoexisting NOC infrastructure

  43. Tropos Control Web GUI Client and Server can reside on same platform TroposControlServer Tropos Control Gateway agents act as proxies for wireless Nodes SNMP v2 WiredMesh RouterGateways AES EncryptedControl Traffic WirelessMesh Router Nodes Tropos Control Architecture

  44. Deploy, Operate, Optimize • System Deployment • Profile based management • Bulk provisioning • Software loading • Task scheduling • System Operation • Alarm Manager • Event Browser • Fault correlation • System Optimization • Performance thresholding • Extensive operationalreporting

  45. Tropos Control Element Manager • Provides a window on the entire MetroMesh network • Centralized real time visibility and access • Extensive operational statisticcollection and reporting • Reduces operational costs • All functions centrally managed • Allows rapid integration of newnetwork equipment • Reduces capital costs • Optimizes use of deployedequipment • Allows rapid network changes • Rapidly responding to user needs • Improves operational accuracy • Eliminates human error • Makes complex management processes simple

  46. Building a MetroMesh Network • Wireless link budget calculations • Node density guidelines • Fixed wireless deployments • Using inexpensive,wireless backhaul

  47. RF Link Budgets 40 dBm 20 dBm 0 dBm Power -20 dBm -40 dBm AddedFadeMargin -60 dBm -80 dBm SNR Excess Noise Thermal Noise -100 dBm TXOutputPower TXEIRP PathLoss RXAntennaGain ReceivedSignal Signal toNoise Link Budget = TxEIRP – RxSense + RXAntennaGain– Fade Margin Typical Fade Margin = 10-25 dB (depending on topography)

  48. Link Budget Example • 802.11g Client • 15dBm EIRP (36mW) • 0dBi Rx Antenna Gain • -85dBm Rx Sens(@ 1 Mbps) • Tropos 5210 • 36dBm EIRP (4W) • 7.4dBi Rx Antenna Gain • -100dBm Rx Sens(@ 1 Mbps) Link Budget = TxEIRP – RxSense + RXAntennaGain– FadeMargin Downstream Link Budget = 36dBm – (-85dBm) + 0dBi – FM = 121dB - FM Upstream Link Budget = 15dBm – (-100dBm) + 7.4dBi – FM = 122.4dB - FM 5210 Superior Rx Sensitivity Compensatesfor Low Powered Clients

  49. MetroMesh Router Density Guidelines Node Densities for Standard Tropos 5210 (36dBm EIRP) * Actual node density requirements will depend on site topography (buildings, hills, foliage, etc.)

  50. MetroMesh™ Residential Broadband User-Installable, Indoors • Subscriber places CPE(“wireless modem”) inwindow and connects tocomputer • In-home wireless from customer-connected access point, if required • Mobile access is available outdoors, and city-wide

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