Animal Kingdom Notes Part I

1. Animal KingdomNotes Part I

2. Basics! • Vertebrate – has a backbone • FEEL YOURS! • Invertebrate – no backbone (simpler animals)

3. Basics! • Endoskeleton – internal skeleton • Exoskeleton – external skeleton

4. Basics • Radial symmetry – an organism can be “cut” into two halves by placing a line anywhere through the middle (think pizza or pie) • Bilateral symmetry- an organism can be “cut” into two halves using only one line through the middle (think a slice of pizza or pie)

5. Invertebrates • Porifera (sponges) • Cnidarians • Platyhelminthes (flatworms) • Nematodes (roundworms) • Annelids (segmented worms) • Mollusks • Echinoderms • Arthropods

6. Porifera • Examples: Sponges • Don’t move…filter feed. • Called “poriferans” because bodies are made out of pores (feed through them). • Reproduction – sexual or asexual, one way they can reproduce asexually is through regeneration STRUCTURE • Collar cells – also called chaonocytes, have collar of cytoplasm around the flagella, help maintain flow of water through body

7. Spicules– hard, needle-like support structures that support their bodies. **Made out of spongin Amoebocyte – cells carry food around and help the sponges reproduce • Porifera do not any true tissues or organs

8. Porifera Diversity!

9. Cnidarians Cnidarians – having stinging cells, hollow body cavities, and radial symmetry • Examples: Jellyfish, Hydra • Cnidarians have: • Tentacles • Nematocysts (stinging cells) • Two possible shapes: • Medusa umbrella-shaped, tentacles down • Polyp cup like form, tentacles up ARKive - Brown hydra video

10. Cnidarians • Made up of 2 layers • Gastrovascular cavity is where digestion occurs • Body has specialized tissues: • Digestive • Muscle • Nerve • Sensory

11. Stinging Cells! • VIDEO: Giant Lion's Mane Jellyfish Stings 150 New Hampshire Beachgoers - ABC News

12. Cnidarian Diversity!