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OQC

Do Now: DNA and Chromosome. OQC. 9/14/11. Please write a paragraph explaining the following picture. If you are not sure what it is showing, then ask 4-5 questions about the picture and draw the picture. Use page 135 and 176 in your book to help you.

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OQC

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  1. Do Now: DNA and Chromosome OQC 9/14/11 • Please write a paragraph explaining the following picture. • If you are not sure what it is showing, then ask 4-5 questions about the picture and draw the picture. • Use page 135 and 176 in your book to help you. Organism Cell Chromosome DNA 19L

  2. Do Now: DNA and Chromosome OQC 9/14/11 Please write 4-5 sentence paragraph that explains the following pictures. Please include 3 questions. Use page 176 to help you. Answer: All organisms are made out of cells. Most cells have organelles like the nucleus. Inside the nucleus are chromosomes. Chromosomes are made out of DNA. DNA is like a twisted ladder and it is a genetic code. 19L

  3. Table of Contents

  4. Do Now: DNA and Chromosome 9/14/11 OQC DNA and Chromosomes Please tape here the paper titled “Notes: DNA is a Double Helix.” Read the directions, open your book to page 135 and get started. Please tape here the paper titled “DNA Model.” 19L 19R

  5. Notes: DNA (DeoxyriboNucleic Acid) is the “Double Helix”it looks like a twisted ladder!!!! Directions: Turn to page 135 in your book. Read the 3 paragraphs titled “The Structure of DNA.” Fill in the missing information. The Structure of DNA If you were to unravel a ____________________, you would find that the ____ strands are wound tightly around proteins. The proteins help support the chromosomes’ structure. Notice in Figure 14 that the strands of the DNA molecule look like a twisted _____________. The two _______________ of the DNA ladder are made up of molecules of a sugar called ________________, alternating with molecules known as __________________. Each ______________ is made up of a pair of molecules called ____________ ______________. Nitrogen bases are molecules that contain the element nitrogen and other elements. DNA has _______________ kinds of nitrogen bases: adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. The capital letters _____, ______, _______, and ________ are used to represent the four bases. The bases on one side of the ladder pair with the bases on the other side. Adenine (A) _________ __________ with thymine (T), while guanine (G) __________ ___________ with cytosine (C).

  6. Notes: DNA (DeoxyriboNucleic Acid) is the “Double Helix”it looks like a twisted ladder!!!! Directions: Turn to page 135 in your book. Read the 3 paragraphs titled “The Structure of DNA.” Fill in the missing information. The Structure of DNA If you were to unravel a CHROMOSOME, you would find that the DNAstrands are wound tightly around proteins. The proteins help support the chromosomes’ structure. Notice in Figure 14 that the strands of the DNA molecule look like a twisted LADDER. The two SIDESof the DNA ladder are made up of molecules of a sugar called DEOXYRIBOSE, alternating with molecules known as PHOSPHATES. Each RUNGis made up of a pair of molecules called NITROGEN BASES. Nitrogen bases are molecules that contain the element nitrogen and other elements. DNA has FOURkinds of nitrogen bases: adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. The capital letters A, T, G, AND C are used to represent the four bases. The bases on one side of the ladder pair with the bases on the other side. Adenine (A) ONLY PAIRS with thymine (T), while guanine (G) ONLY PAIRS with cytosine (C).

  7. 1. The steps of the ladder are the genetic code because this is the part that is not always the same(A-T, G-C, C-G, C-G, T-A). The sides of the ladder are always the same (P-S-P-S-P-S) Conclusion Questions: • 1. Which part of the DNA “ladder” is the genetic code? The “steps” of the ladder or the “sides” of the ladder. How do you know? • 2. Which cells have DNA? Which organelle has the DNA inside the cell? (page 92) • 3. What does DNA do for the cell? (page 92) • 4. What is the difference between a chromosome and DNA? Draw a picture that shows how they are different. (page 135 and 176) .  2. All cells have DNA. The nucleus has the DNA inside it. 3. DNA directs all the activities in the cell. It is the genetic code. 4. Chromosomes are made out of DNA. (Like your shirt is made out of string.)

  8. DNA Model Due Date: September 21, 2011 Objective: To design and build a 3-dimensional model of the DNA molecule, or “ladder.” Directions: Please build a model of the DNA molecule with its 6 different parts. • Each of the following parts of the ladder must be represented clearly in your model with a different color or a different object: • deoxyribose • phosphate • adenine • guanine • Cytosine • thymine • A “key” must be attached that explains what material you chose to used to represent each of the 6 parts. • Example: black bead = sugar, green bead = phosphate, etc, etc, • All nitrogen bases must be correctly labeled and the conclusion questions must be included in paragraph format. • The model must be 8-10 base pairs in length. • The model must be able to twist. Rubric: 5 = all of the parts of the DNA ladder are included and correct 4 = most of the parts of the DNA ladder were included and correct 3 = about half of the parts of the DNA ladder are included and correct NP= most of the parts of the DNA molecule are missing or incorrect

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