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British (RP/BBC) vs. American (GA) Consonants and Vowels English vs. Arabic Consonants and Vowels

British (RP/BBC) vs. American (GA) Consonants and Vowels English vs. Arabic Consonants and Vowels. (RP/BBC) vs. (GA) Consonants and Vowels. There are clear distinctions in how Americans and Britons use their language.

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British (RP/BBC) vs. American (GA) Consonants and Vowels English vs. Arabic Consonants and Vowels

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  1. British (RP/BBC) vs. American (GA) Consonants and Vowels • English vs. Arabic Consonants and Vowels Maha Alwasidi

  2. (RP/BBC) vs. (GA) Consonants and Vowels Maha Alwasidi

  3. There are clear distinctions in how Americans and Britons use their language. Broadly, Received Pronunciation (RP) is a form of pronunciation of the British English which has long been perceived as uniquely prestigious amongst British accents. It is a standard form of British pronunciation accepted as reference in England and Wales. General American (GA) is a form of pronunciation of the American English. It is the standard pronunciation in the USA and is sometimes promoted as preferable to other regional accents. Maha Alwasidi

  4. These two main accents ('RP' & 'GA') are used as reference accents for the teaching of English pronunciation. There are many differences between GA and RP in stress and intonation patterns but they are not as notable as those in the pronunciation of certain phonemes. Hence, we will focus on the distinctions in the phonemes pronunciation. Main differences between GA and RP can be shown in four ways. Maha Alwasidi

  5. (a) Systemic differences (differences in the number (presence/absence) of specific sounds). • GA has /æ/ in words like "bath, dance", while RP has /ɑː/. Thus, you can notice: dance /dæns/ vs. /dɑːns/ last /læst/ vs. /lɑːst/ bath /bæθ/ vs. /bɑːθ/, etc. (Note that both accents have /ɑː/ in words like 'palm‘). • In RP, /t/ may be fully replaced by a glottal stop//. Thus, you can notice: button /btn/ vs. /bn/ Maha Alwasidi

  6. (b) Distributional differences (which sounds are used in which words) • RP is non-rhotic while GA is rhotic. In other words, in RP /r/ is only allowed before a vowel. Thus, you can notice: In RP, red /red/ and pride /praɪd/ but start /stɑːt/, car /kɑː/, near /nɪə/, beard /bɪəd/, square /skweə/, nurse /nɜːs/. In GA, /r/ is pronounced wherever it is spelled. Maha Alwasidi

  7. (c) Lexical differences (some words have different pronunciations (but not in a systematic way; rather it is a random way) Maha Alwasidi

  8. (d) Phonetic differences (the same phoneme has different realizations) • // is higher in GA while in RP it is close to the cardinal vowel /a/. • Vowels are nasalized in GA if they are followed by a nasal consonant while they are not in RP. Compare: Can’t /knt/ vs. /knt/ • The tapping of /t/ (pronouncing /t/ in certain positions as a flap //) is more widespread in GA. Compare: City /sɪi/ vs. /sɪti/ Maha Alwasidi

  9. Practice the pronunciation of the sounds (consonants, monophthongs, and diphthongs) of American English at: http://www.uiowa.edu/~acadtech/phonetics/english/english_main.html (this is a great website!) Maha Alwasidi

  10. English vs. Arabic Consonants and Vowels Maha Alwasidi

  11. Standard British English (RP) has 24 consonant phonemes and 20 basic vowel phonemes (7 short vowels, 5 long vowels and 8 diphthongs). So, while there are only five main vowel letters – a, e, i, o and u – RP speakers use 20 vowel sounds. • However, this situation is far from the norm, and there are many languages (in fact the majority of the world’s languages) which may be said to operate along the principle that their spelling systems accurately represent their phonemic inventories, i.e. the sounds used in them. • This is the case, for instance, in all Semitic languages like Arabic. Maha Alwasidi

  12. English has mainly 24 consonants: /p, b, m, f, v, , , t, d, s, z, n, l, r, , , t, d, j, w, k, g, , h/ • It has 12 pure vowels and 8 diphthongs: /i,  , e, , , , , , , , , , , e,, e, , , , / English sounds Maha Alwasidi

  13. Arabic sounds • Standard Arabic has mainly 28 consonants: /b, m, f, , , n, t, d, s, z, r, l, , , , , d, , j, k, , , w, q, , , , h/ • There are three short vowels, three long vowels and two diphthongs (formed by a combination of short /a/ with the semivowels /j/ and /w/). Maha Alwasidi

  14. Maha Alwasidi

  15. Locate the Arabic and English consonants in the IPA Consonant Chart Maha Alwasidi

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