Capacity and preparedness: disease surveillance, investigation and response

1. Capacity and preparedness: disease surveillance, investigation and response Kazuaki Miyagishima World Organisation for Animal Health

2. Threats Public health Animal health Economics Food safety Food security

3. Animal disease agents as bio weapons • Increased global vulnerability (food, globalisation, climate) • Impact – actual and perceived (fear) • Not expensive • Relatively easy to acquire, smuggle, propagate, and deliver Examples - glanders, anthrax, salmonella

4. OIE Members are responsible for global disease surveillance and report significant disease events to OIE • Outbreaks of OIE listed diseases on a regular basis • Significant epidemiological events including emerging diseases OIE disseminates these official reports from Members to all Members via an alert system and to the public via WAHID Parallel mechanism to the WHO’s International Health Regulations (IHR) Global disease surveillance and transparency

5. The Global Early Warning and Response System (GLEWS) • joint disease tracking by OIE, WHO, and FAO • combines and coordinates the alert and response mechanisms of OIE, FAO and WHO • assists in prediction, prevention and control of animal disease threats, including zoonoses • validation of rumours is critical

6. Support for global disease detection and response 187 OIE Reference Laboratories in 2009 covering 100 diseases

7. Support for global disease detection and response 35Collaborating Centres covering 33 topics

8. Outbreak response at the international level Network of experts (laboratories and collaborating centres) • Technical support • Expert country missions Joint animal health-public health missions (OIE-WHO-FAO) In case of suspect claims of bio-terror use involving animal pathogens or zoonoses OIE experts may join a UNODA mission

9. Possible origins of animal disease outbreak • Natural disease outbreaks • Deliberate release (bioterrorism) • Breaches in laboratory bio-containment • New and emerging diseases “Disease detection and control for a natural, deliberate or accidental release of animal pathogen or emerging pathogen is virtually the same”

10. OIE actions to strengthen Veterinary Services globally

11. The OIE-PVS Tool and Gap Analyses Evaluate and improve the Performance ofVeterinary Services Improve compliance with OIE Standards Follow-up: • PVS monitoring • Gap analyses • Assistance with legislation based on 46 core competencies

12. OIE Laboratory twinning Aims • Improve compliance with OIE standards • Eventually for Candidates to apply for ‘reference’ status • Extend the OIE network of expertise geographically Outputs • Stronger global disease surveillance networks • Accurate and rapid detection/characterisation of agents • Improved biosafety, biosecurity and bioethics

14. Building Biosafety/Biosecurity Capacity of Laboratories • BSL definitions and Laboratory Quality standards exist - but there are no “internationally applicable guidelines” or “certifiable international standards” for biosafety/ biosecurity • Training of Public Health and Animal Health Laboratories • EU funding to WHO • “One Health” Initiative