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The Evolutionist Theory of the Origin of Life

This packet delves into the evolutionist theory of the origin of life on Earth, discussing Earth's early atmosphere and the formation of organic molecules through chemical evolution. It explores hypotheses for chemical evolution sites, Miller & Urey experiments, formation of macromolecules, and the development of the first cell. The text also touches on the genetic material evolution, the first cell types, and the Geologic Record.

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The Evolutionist Theory of the Origin of Life

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  1. The Evolutionist Theory of the Origin of Life Packet #62 Chapter #26

  2. Earth’s Early Atmosphere

  3. Early Atmosphere • Earth’s early atmosphere, according to evolutionists, was composed of CO2, H2O vapor, CO, H2 and N2. • These gases provided the “perfect” conditions necessary for chemical evolution.

  4. Chemical Evolution • Chemical evolution is the formation of complex organic molecules from simpler inorganic molecules through chemical reactions in the oceans during the early history of the Earth; • The first step, according to evolutionists, in the development of life on this planet.

  5. Chemical Evolution • Scientists have developed four requirements for the chemical evolution of life. • Little or no free oxygen • A source of energy • The availability of chemical building blocks • Water • Minerals • Gases present in the atmosphere (All necessary to form organic molecules) • Time • Necessary for molecules to accumulate and react.

  6. Possible Earth Locations Hypotheses for Chemical Evolution

  7. Site Hypotheses I • There are two proposed hypotheses in regards to where the organic molecules were formed on Earth. • Prebiotic soup hypothesis • The hypothesis states that the precursors of life occurred near the surface of Earth • Iron-sulfur hypothesis • The hypothesis states that organic molecules formed on or near cracks on the ocean floor

  8. Miller & Urey • In the 1950’s, these scientists simulated conditions on early earth…as it was believed to have been. • The scientists exposed H2, CH4, H2O and NH3 to electrical charges. • Amino acids and other organic compounds formed spontaneously.

  9. Formation of Macromolecules

  10. Formation of Organic Macromolecules • With organic molecules in place, evolutionists believe that they were assembled together to form an organic macromolecule known as a protobiont. • The hypothetical ancestor to the cell.

  11. Formation of the Cell from the Protobiont

  12. Formation I • Evolutionists believe that protobionts exhibit division after growth and are able to maintain their internal chemistry but have not definitively determined how they evolved into the cell.

  13. Development of Genetic Material—The “RNA World” • Once the cell “evolved,” it is thought that the first genetic material to exist was RNA. • Due to the presence of ribozymes. • DNA is thought to have evolved later from RNA.

  14. The First Cell • The first cell, now with genetic material, is thought to have been an anaerobic heterotrophic prokaryote. • Autotrophs are thought to have developed later—along with photosynthesis. • Aerobes developed are thought to have developed later as oxygen levels increased in the atmosphere. • Eukaryotes are thought to have evolved later as a prokaryote engulfed another. • The endosymbiont

  15. The Geologic RecordTable 26.1Page 519 • The table shows the major eras according to the theory of evolution.

  16. Figure 26.20 • The look at the world during some of the “evolutionary” periods.

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