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Chapter 10. Positioning and Differentiating Market Offerings over the Life Cycle. Marketing Management Tenth Edition Philip Kotler. Objectives. Identify Differentiating Attributes Choosing & Communicating Effective Positioning Marketing Strategies Along the Product Life Cycle
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Chapter 10 Positioning and Differentiating Market Offerings over the Life Cycle Marketing Management Tenth Edition Philip Kotler
Objectives • Identify Differentiating Attributes • Choosing & Communicating Effective Positioning • Marketing Strategies Along the Product Life Cycle • Marketing Strategy & Market Evolution
Number of Approaches to Achieve Advantage Few Many Large Size of the Advantage Small The BCG CompetitiveAdvantage Matrix Volume Specialized Stalemated Fragmented
Product Differentiation Form Fea- tures Perfor- mance Quality Conform- ance Quality Dura- bility Relia- bility Repair- ability Style Design
Miscellaneous Services Services Differentiation Ordering Ease Installation Customer Consulting Delivery Customer Training Maintenance & Repair
Differentiation • Personnel • Channel
Image Differentiation Media Symbols Atmosphere Events
Important Profitable Distinctive Differences Worth Establishing Affordable Superior Preemptive
Positioning is the act of designing the company’s offering and image to occupy a distinctive place in the the target market’s mind. P 298
Live shows 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 Easy to reach Little waiting Good food Fantasy Educational, animals Exercise Marineland of the Pacific Fun rides Knott’s Berry Farm Japanese Deer Park Disneyland -1.6 -1.4 -1.2 -1.0 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 Magic Mountain Lion Country Safari Busch Gardens Economical Perceptual Map
Sales & profits ($) Introduction Growth Maturity Decline Time Sales & Profit Life Cycles
Promotion High Low High Price Low Four IntroductoryMarketing Strategies Rapid- skimming strategy Slow- skimming strategy Rapid- penetration strategy Slow- penetration strategy
Maturity Stage • Market Modification • Product Modification • Marketing-Mix Modification
Decline Stage • Increase investment • Resolve uncertainties - stable investment • Selective niches • Harvesting • Divesting
Market Evolution • Emergence • Growth • Maturity • Decline
(a) Market-fragmentation stage (b) Market-consolidation stage C C H AB DE H AB DE JK J YZ X XYZ K FG FG M L M L Market-Fragmentation andMarket-Consolidation Strategies
Review • Identify Differentiating Attributes • Choosing & Communicating Effective Positioning • Marketing Strategies Along the Product Life Cycle • Marketing Strategy & Market Evolution