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Insectivora

Insectivora. Macroscelidea (elephant shrew), Scandentia,(tree shrew) Dermoptera (flying lemurs) Above are some examples. Insectivores. Insectivores are considered to be “____________" mammals Smooth brain:______________ Insectivores are named after their tendency to eat __________.

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Insectivora

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  1. Insectivora Macroscelidea (elephant shrew), Scandentia,(tree shrew) Dermoptera (flying lemurs) Above are some examples

  2. Insectivores • Insectivores are considered to be “____________" mammals • Smooth brain:______________ • Insectivores are named after their tendency to eat __________

  3. Erinaceidae: hedgehogs Tenrecidae: tenrecs and otter shrews. Soricidae: shrews Chrysochloridae: golden moles. Solenodontidae: solenodons. Talpidae: moles and desmans. ___________________________ There are 419 species in ________:

  4. Insectivora: Morphology • Generally small. • Rostrum (_________) tends to be long. • Fur often consists only of guard hair (modified in some forms as _________) • _______ braincase • excellent sense of ______ and _____, but have poor senses of _______ and _______.

  5. Teeth are __________, so do not grow throughout life.

  6. Insectivora’s are not Rodents: Why:_____________________

  7. Insectivora: Fossil History Earliest insectivores data to the mid-Cretaceous (___________) Recognizable soricids and talpids date to the Eocene (_________). No Big Changes from ancient to now: Why? ____________________________________

  8. Erinaceidae • 7 genera and 21 species. • Hedgehogs have __________________. • Hedgehogs are ___________ and mainly terrestrial, or ________________. • They are omnivorous – _________________________________.

  9. Erinaceidae • Spines in hedgehogs are _______ at birth, and harden a few weeks after birth. • In a defensive posture, the animal rolls up in a _______, using a __________________.

  10. Erinaceidae • Hedgehogs also ______________ over their spines. Interestingly, there are reports of hedgehogs killing toads, to produce ‘_______________________.’

  11. Talpidae: ________ • 17 genera and 42 species, distributed throughout Europe, the Palaearctic, Asia, Japan, and North America. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4rAk4pE0Vuw&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1

  12. Extreme modification of the ___________ - including _________ of the fore-feet.

  13. Talpidae: Desmans • Eat _______________________ and fish • Some species have long, laterally _____________________. • Some evidence that they use ________________ to locate prey. • http://www.arkive.org/russian-desman/desmana-moschata/video-05.html

  14. Tenrecidae • ____________ are found in Madagascar only (this is bad news). ______________ found in west-central Africa.

  15. Tenrecidae • _____________ (not surprisingly) look a lot like otters and are actually quite large. • Some ________ can hibernate, and most have relatively low body temperatures. • The common _______ has as many as ____ offspring in a single litter!

  16. Chrysochloridae: ____________ • Found in central and ______________. • They have iridescent fur. • ___________________.

  17. Chrysochloridae: Golden Moles • They push soil w/ the _______, then push soil under the _______ with the limbs. • Claw on ____________ is enlarged.

  18. Solenodontidae • 2 species. 1 restricted to Cuba, the other to Haiti and the Dominican Republic (this is not good news).Why?___________________ _____________________________ • Look like a cross between a rat and a shrew. • Omnivorous.

  19. Solenodontidae • Submaxillary glands produce _____________, which flows into the ________________________________.

  20. Soricidae: Shrews • 23 genera and 312 species. • Generally small _________. • Organized into 2 subfamilies: ‘red-toothed’ shrews and the ‘white-toothed’ shrews.

  21. Soricidae • Smallest shrews are ____________ while largest is ____________ • Most have __________. • 2 forms have webbed feet. • ____________, pointed rostrum, short dark fur.

  22. Soricidae • Some use __________________ for communication, orientation, and prey detection. (Like bats) • Short lived: _____________. • Often associated w/ moist habitats. • Some Shrews are _________________.

  23. Macroscelidae: Elephant shrews (not a real shrew) • 4 genera and 15 species of elephant shrews. • Central and eastern _________. • Insectivores to ______________. • Can move __________. • _________, ________, large eyes and long ears.

  24. Elephant shrew video

  25. Scandentia: ________________ • Have long been considered _________..

  26. Scandentia: Tupaiidae • Restricted to ________. • Mostly _________ and omnivorous. • Not all are _________, and they are not ____________. • Most scent mark. • Resemble ______________ in general __________________.

  27. Dermoptera • These are the ‘___________’ or ________. • In the past, they have been classified with ______, _________, and ____________.

  28. Dermoptera • They weigh up ________, and can glide at up to ________ which is very fast for a glider.

  29. Use your notes to identify the following groups Only one from each group: (use your reference page) 4.________ • 1. ______ • 2.______ • 3. _______ • (hint not an elephant shrew) 5. ________ 6.________

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