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Efficient Scheduling of Repetitive Projects

Efficient Scheduling of Repetitive Projects. Prof. Tarek Hegazy. Computer-Aided Construction Project Management, & Infrastructure Asset Management. Agenda. Linear & Repetitive Projects Problems with Existing Tools Proposed Management Models Implementations Highway Application

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Efficient Scheduling of Repetitive Projects

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  1. Efficient Scheduling of Repetitive Projects Prof. Tarek Hegazy Computer-Aided Construction Project Management, & Infrastructure Asset Management

  2. Agenda • Linear & Repetitive Projects • Problems with Existing Tools • Proposed Management Models • Implementations • Highway Application • High-Rise Application • Distributed Sites Application • Conclusion

  3. Distributed Horizontal Vertical Linear & Repetitive Projects

  4. Linear & Repetitive Projects • Various Types: Horizontal, Vertical, & Distributed • Large Size & Many Resources • Combination of In-House & Outsourcing • Complex to Schedule & Control • Sensitive to Environment • Stringent Deadlines & Budgets

  5. Task 3 Task 5 Task 1 Task 2 Task 6 Task 7 Activity Task 4 Time Existing Tools • Not suitable for repetitive projects • No legible view of the large project data • Inadequate planning • No cost Optimization

  6. Objectives • New Scheduling Model: • Better Representation • Work Continuity • Meet Deadlines • Flexible Planning • Cost Optimization

  7. Station n Station 2 Station 1 Linear Scheduling Model

  8. Site 11 - 9 - 7 - 5 - 3 - 1 - End Date Time New Representation A B C D Crews: 3 4 3 3 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 How to Design the Schedule?

  9. Unit Crew 2 5 Crew 1 4 Crew 3 3 Crew 2 2 Crew 1 1 0 1 2 3 Time Work Continuity One Activity - 3 Crews Su = Su-1 + 1/Ri Fu = Su + Di C = D x R

  10. 3 Parallel Crews 3 Stagg. Crews Units Time 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Work Continuity Color coded Crews

  11. B C D A Crew 2 Low Pr Crew 1 Crew 3 Crew 2 Crew 1 Scheduling Flexibility Station 9 A: single crew from units 3 to 8 8 7 D: red and blue crews move from both sides at same time (channel tunnel) 6 5 C: crew continuity under variable durations 4 3 B: work interruption at unit 6 2 1 Time

  12. Activity i Labor Method 2 Method 3 Method 1 Crew Equipment Material Subs Optional Construction Methods From Slow & Cheap to Fast & Expensive Resource Data Cost Optimization

  13. Objective Function: Direct Cost + Indirect Cost + Penalty/Incentive • Variables: No. of Crews Work Methods (3 options) • Constraints: Duration <= Deadline Individual Resources <= Max. Allowed Cost Optimization Complex Problem – Genetic Optimization

  14. Different Implementations 1. Computerized System for Efficient Scheduling of Highway Construction

  15. Right of Way 1. Highway Application Example 3 Km highway, each station is 300 m (i.e., 10 stations)

  16. Data of activities, project constraints, and productivity data 1. Highway Application

  17. 1. Highway Application Data of activities’ optional estimates Means Cost Data

  18. 1. Highway Application Construction Method TWOset of Crews moving fromBoth Sides

  19. User input of the three estimates 1. Highway Application

  20. Deadline not met West Sections Color-coded crews. Click on any activity to get detailed schedule data Options East Sections 1. Highway Application Initial schedule

  21. After Optimization Deadline met 1. Highway Application

  22. Different Implementations 2. Efficient Scheduling of High-Rise Construction

  23. 2. High-Rise Application Unique Considerations: • Structural–Core Representation • Horizontal and Vertical Constraints • Weather and Learning Curve Effects • Introducing Proper Work Interruptions • Meet Project Deadline • Alternative Construction Methods • Presenting a Clear & Realistic Schedule

  24. Floor A B B 5 4 3 2 1 t2 t3 t1 Shift Time Time 2. High-Rise Application Vertical Constraints: Dependences among activities on Different Floors Shoring Removal Pre-Cast panels Installation Windows Installation

  25. Floor 20 Structural Core activities after reduction Structural Core activities before reduction 10 1 Time 2. High-Rise Application Standard Vs Non-Standard floors

  26. 13 12 11 Residential Floors- 8th to 13th (50% of Standard Floors) 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Ground Floor Basement 1 Sketch of Hypothetical Building CPM Network for The Case-Study 2. High-Rise Application

  27. 2. High-Rise Application Activities Cost and Durations

  28. 2. High-Rise Application Project Constraints • Deadline = 11 months (220 working days) • Total Budget : $17 millions • Indirect Cost: $5,000 per day • Liquidated Damage: $100,000 per day • Incentives: 10,000 per day • 3 Construction methods / Activity • Monthly productivity factors • Floor changes at the 8th level

  29. 2. High-Rise Application Data Input

  30. 2. High-Rise Application Specifying Constraints

  31. 2. High-Rise Application Initial Schedule Optimization Needed!

  32. 2. High-Rise Application Schedule Optimization • Resources Vs Deadline • Number of Crews • Construction Methods • Interruption • No. Cycles

  33. Structural Activities Pre-cast Panels Stud Windows 2. High-Rise Application Results Vertical Constraints Are Met

  34. 2. High-Rise Application Visualization Reports Very Useful for Site Personnel During Project Control

  35. Different Implementations 3. Projects with Multiple Distributed Sites (e.g., Multiple Houses)

  36. Execution order? Outsourcing? In-house resources? Meet Strict deadline? Normal / Overtime? Execution Planning Infrastructure Management Systems 3. Distributed Sites M&R Planning List of Priority Assets & Repair Types

  37. Site 5 Crew 1 Site 4 Crew 2 Site 3 Crew 1 Site 2 Crew 2 Site 1 Crew 1 5 0 1 2 3 4 Time 6 Site 3 End Site 1 Site 5 Site 4 Site 2 Distributed Scheduling Repair Activity for Five Schools Repair Activity Determines: Crews, Work Methods, & Site Order that Meet Deadline with Minimum Cost. Crew Moving – Delivery Methods Crew 1 Crew 2

  38. MR&R Delivery Options Delivery Approaches for MR&R Programs Combination of All In-House Resources Outsourcing + Out-Tasking

  39. 2. Built-In Auto-Estimates: 1. Resource Depository: Activities i Time cost Time cost Time cost Work assignment options: Normal work, Overtime, or Weekends 3. Planning & Control: oOrder of execution oContractors vs in-house o Automated Estimates o Crew Work Continuity o Deadline Duration o Resource limits o Specific Site Conditions o Crew Movement Time/Cost o GIS-based site distances o PalmTM – based progress Planning Progress - Work continuity - Enhanced presentation Optimum values of: - Order of execution - Work assignment option - Activity Crews - Crew non-work periods - Project status - Progress Updates Optimum corrective actions Actual Cost Optimization Re-Optimization Features

  40. Real-Life Application - Activitiies, - Logical Relations - Three Estimates. Fast & Expensive Option Slow & Cheap Option

  41. Real-Life Application Data inputs for activity delivery and constraints

  42. Real-Life Application Initial Schedule Two Outsourced sites Deadline not met

  43. Real-Life Application Deadline met at Min. cost. Schedule => GIS

  44. Visualization AutomatedDispatch Maps

  45. Visualization AutomatedDispatch Maps

  46. Benefits • Cost-Effective delivery • In-house vs outsourcing vs out-tasking • Ties to Asset Management Systems • Realistic execution to meet constraints • Do more for less & reduce backlog • Speedy corrective actions

  47. EasyPlan DEMOwww.civil.uwaterloo.ca/tarek

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