11 th Grade TAKS Review

1. 11th Grade TAKS Review

2. Political Influences on United States History

3. The Magna Carta was signed by King John in 1215. It asserted the right of British citizens to A trial by jury No imprisonment without a trial No taxation except by approval of Parliament Magna Carta 1215

4. 1492 Christopher Columbus arrived in the Americas.

5. Colombian Exchange A series of interactions between the Native Americans and Europeans.

6. Jamestown, Virginia First permanent English settlement in North America. 1607

7. Passed by Parliament in 1689. English rights reinforced: no taxation right to petition individual rights English Bill of Rights 1689

8. American Revolutionary Period

9. Declaration of Independence signed. Start of the Revolutionary War. United States established as an independent nation. 1776

10. A system of government in which power is held by the people and their will is carried out by elected representatives. Representative Government

11. Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776 Written by Thomas Jefferson American colonies declare independence from England List of grievances against King George III

12. Declaration of Independence The Declaration states the two major principles on which the Constitution is based: Government gets its power from the consent of the governed. All men are created equal and have unalienable rights.

13. Thomas Jefferson Main author of the Declaration of Independence 3rd President

14. Rights/Privileges according to the Declaration of Independence. These rights cannot be taken away. Unalienable Rights are: Life Liberty Pursuit of happiness Unalienable Rights

15. Grievances = Complains

16. Colonial Grievances Taxation without consent (permission) No representation No trial by jury Quartering troops Standing armies in peace time

17. Revolution Armed rebellion Uprising against the government or authority A period of great change

18. Free from influence or control of other nations, sovereign. Independence

19. The war of independence fought between Britain and 13 of its colonies in North America 1775-1783 American Revolution

20. Leader of the Continental Army during the Revolution 1st president of the United States George Washington

21. Battles that started the American Revolution. Lexington and Concord (1775)

22. Colonist victory over British. Turning point in Revolutionary War. French offer help to colonists. Battle of Saratoga (1777)

23. Colonists defeated the British. The British surrendered. End of military struggle. Battle of Yorktown (1781)

24. Ended the Revolutionary War. British recognized colonists’ independence. British gave colonists all the lands stretching west of the Mississippi River. Treaty of Paris (1783)

25. An alliance of states where states have the majority of the power and retain their sovereignty. Confederation

26. First government of United States from 1781 – 1788. State sovereignty Weak national government No standing army No power to tax No courts No executive Articles of Confederation

27. U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights

28. U.S. Constitution written at Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia Ratification of Constitution and Federalist Papers in 1788. 1787

29. 1787 Constitutional convention resulted in creation of FEDERAL government (separate executive, judicial and legislative branches) Convention replaced the Articles of Confederation and wrote the U.S. Constitution Philadelphia Convention

30. Basic law and government of the United States Based on 7 principles: Republicanism Popular sovereignty Federalism Limited government Separation of power Checks and balances Individual rights Principles of theU.S. Constitution

31. The idea that government is controlled by the people who hold power and elect representatives, giving those representatives power to make and enforce laws. Republicanism

32. All political power rests with the people who can create, alter, and abolish government. Popular Sovereignty

33. Limits are placed on the powers of government Everyone, including all authority figures, must obey the laws Limited Government

34. Each branch of the government shares its power and checks the other two. Prevents any branch of government from becoming too powerful. Checks and Balances

35. Distribution of the powers of government between a central (federal) government and the regional (states) governments. Federalism

36. = 1

37. = 50

38. Form of government organized in three branches A legislative branch (Congress) An executive branch (the President) A judicial branch (Supreme Court) Separation of Powers

42. The rights of the people protected in the Bill of Rights including: Economic rights related to property Political rights related to freedom of speech and press personal rights related to bearing arms and maintaining private residences Individual Rights

43. Newspaper articles in New York state. Explained reasons why people should adopt the new US constitution. Authors: Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay. Federalist Papers

44. Approve Ratify

45. The way of making changes to the U.S. Constitution Amendments

46. First ten amendments to the Constitution (ratified in 1791) Bill of Rights

47. States that “Congress shall make no law” restricting freedom of: Speech Press Religion Assembly Petition First Amendment:Religious and Political Freedom

48. Second Amendment:Right to Bear Arms Guarantees the right of states to organize militias, or armies, and the right of individuals to bear arms.

49. Third Amendment:Quartering of Troops Soldiers cannot be housed in people’s homes unless it is approved by law.

50. Protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures. If a judge believes the search is reasonable, a search warrant will be granted. Fourth Amendment:Search and Seizure