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Broadband and Gigabit Optical Access Technologies and Unbundling Strategies

Broadband and Gigabit Optical Access Technologies and Unbundling Strategies. Presented by: Paolo ROSA Counsellor – ITU-T Study Group 1 5 Optical and other transport networks. Contents. Optical access network architecture Passive optical networks Regulatory aspects: Unbundling Conclusions.

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Broadband and Gigabit Optical Access Technologies and Unbundling Strategies

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  1. Broadband and Gigabit Optical Access Technologies and Unbundling Strategies Presented by: Paolo ROSA Counsellor – ITU-T Study Group 15 Optical and other transport networks Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  2. Contents • Optical access network architecture • Passive optical networks • Regulatory aspects: Unbundling • Conclusions Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  3. Optical Access Network Architecture Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  4. Optical access network architecture (G.983.1) Optical Distribution Network FTTH O N U O L T Fibre Copper FTTB/C N T O N U Fibre SNI HOME Fibre Copper N T O N U FTTCab Access network Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  5. PON Access System Access Node ONU O X C OPT Splitter BB ONU l 1310nm O L T 1:32 NB l 1530 nm ONU l +/- 50 nm ONU Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  6. Optical Systems for Access NetworksMarket & Business Drivers (1) • Getting PSTN, data and cable TV together on one system at competitive prices (convergence) • Fibre To The Home (FTTH), to the Curb (HTTC) to the Business (HTTB) are the next step for many operators (very high bandwidth) • The major change is driven by the explosive growth of the Internet usage (users demand) • Public and private networks evolve from multiple overlay networks to a unified network platform able to carry multiple applications (services) Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  7. Optical Systems for Access NetworksMarket & Business Drivers (2) • IP routers and ATM switches are providing higher and higher speed optical interfaces • Major carriers are realizing that services at STM-16 (2.5 Gbit/s) and optical pipes may well represent more than 50% of the bulk bandwidth entering networks in the near future • The new high speed data requirements are requiring a new category of Wavelength Services (WDM/extended optical bands) • These new services will require new networking functions (performance monitoring, fault localization, network restoration, etc) Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  8. Key aspects for optical technologies • IP over optical, business and market aspects • Switched optical networks • Optics in access and metropolitan networks • Optical interfaces • Optical/IP network OAM and protection and restoration • WDM and Coarse & Dense-WDM • Signalling and routing • Optical fibres, cables and components • Optical network management • Optical switching equipment • Network performance (IP/Optical) • Optical network clients and services • Services and network evaluation  Making fully-optical networks viable Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  9. OTN Structure and Technology • Optical Transport Network (OTN) structure • Automatic Switched Optical Network (ASON) • Architecture and interfaces for the OTN • Optical Cross-Connect and Switch functions • Network management and control • OTN technology (terrestrial and submarine) • Coarse and Dense WDM, STM-256 / 40 Gbit/s signal channels • Optical components & amplifiers (e.g. tunable filters) • Fiber characteristics, more channels/fiber • long reach Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  10. Evolution of Standardization – Systems Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  11. OTN Standardization Work Plan USER NE USER NE OTN NE OTN NE OTN NE Global Optical Transport Network Supporting Today's and Future Services OTN IrDI OTN IaDI OTN IrDI OTN IaDI OTN IaDI SDH STM-N Carrier Domain A Carrier Domain B User/carrier may originate/terminate the OTN framing for any digital payload (IP, ATM, SDH,,,) IaDI = Intra-Domain Interface IrDI = Inter-Domain Interface NE = Network Element Interfaces: For single/multichannels with performance monitoring Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  12. Passive Optical Networks Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  13. Optical systems for access networks Broadband PON:G.983.x-series Recs. • Passive Optical Network up to 622 Mbit/s symmetrical / asymmetrical • Supports wide range of narrow-& broadband services like: • PSTN/ ISDN / Multiple Line • Data / LAN interconnection / High speed Internet (~100 Mbit/s) • Cable TV / Video on demand (up to 400 TV channels on single wavelength) • Videoconferencing • Independent from bit rates, signal formats (digital or analogue, SONET/SDH etc.) and protocols (IP, Ethernet, ATM etc.) • Need to deploy only the equipment at the ends of the network as needed to add new services to existing customers or to add new customers. Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  14. WDM Spectral bands (proposal)Definition for classification and not specification purposes Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  15. Recommendation G.983.1 • Systems supported: • symmetrical line rates of 155.520 Mbit/s • asymmetrical line rates of 155.520 Mbit/s upstream and 622.080 Mbit/s downstream. • Transmission type: • Bidirectional - 1 fibre - WDM technique (1.3 mm upstream and 1.5 mm downstream) or • Unidirectional 2 fibres in 1.3 mm region (both down and upstream) • Reach at least 20 km Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  16. Recommendation G.983.3 (Enhancement band) • Defines new wavelength allocations to distribute WDM and additional service signals simultaneously. • Allows distribution of video broadcast services or data services without disturbing basic ATM-PON system • Potentially provides unidirectionaland bi-directional services. • New reference points and optical interface parameters for new WDM and/or optical power splitter/combining functions at OLT and/or ONU sites. • Full compatibility with the G.982 and G.983.1. • Central frequencies Recs. G.959.1 and G.692 Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  17. G.983.3 wavelength allocation 1.3 mm wavelength band (Upstream) G983.1 ATM PON Upstream Band G983.1 Upstream Band ( unchanged at 100 nm bandpass ) (unchanged at 100 nm bandpass) 1340 1340 1360 1360 1260 1260 1280 1280 1300 1300 1320 1320 Intermediate wavelength band (Upstream and/or Downstream) Guard band Guard band Guard band Guard band Guard band Guard band Reserved for allocation by ITU Reserved for allocation by ITU Reserved for allocation by ITU - - - T T T 1360 1360 1360 1380 1380 1380 1400 1400 1400 1420 1420 1420 1440 1440 1440 1460 1460 1460 1480 1480 1480 1.5 mm wavelength band (Upstream and/or Downstream) Basic Band Enhancement Band Future L Band WDM Video/Dig Constrained ATM-PON Reserved for Reserved for ATM - PON Guard band Guard band Guard band Guard band allocation by ITU allocation by ITU - - T T Downstream Downstream l l l l l l l l l l l 5 5 6 6 2 2 3 3 4 4 1 Upstream Window (no change) Basic Band (constrained APON band) Enhancement Band (other uses) For future use G.983.1 downstream l1 – l2 = 1480 – 1500 nm l3 - l4 = 1539 – 1565 nm (WDM G.959.1 central freq.) Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  18. G.983.4 – Dynamic Bandwidth Assignment • Improves efficiency of upstream • Adjust bandwidth among Optical Network Units in response to bursty traffic requirements • More customers to the PON • More efficient utilization • Possibility of enhanced services (BW peaks) beyond the fixed allocation • Symmetrical 155 Mbit/s • Asymmetrical up 155 Mbit/s down 622 Mbit/s Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  19. Optical systems for access networksG.984.x -series Recs (G-PON) – (01-2003) New! • Gbit/s capable PON systems • Symmetrical/Asymmetrical • 1.244 and 2.488 Gbit/s downstream • 155 Mbit/s up to 2.488 Gbit/s upstream • Business and residential users • Convenient support of IP and Ethernet • Same wavelength plan and full-network design principles as in G.983.x-series (B-PON) Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  20. G.984.1 – General Characteristics of Gigabit-capable PONs Describes flexible optical fibre access networks capable of supporting the bandwidth requirements of business and residential services G.984.2 –Gigabit-capable PONs: Physical media dependent layer specification General characteristics of a G-PON such as architecture, bit rates, reach etc. Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  21. G-PONs (1) • Bit Rate: 7 transmission speed combinations •     155 Mb/s up, 1.2 Gbit/s down •     622 Mb/s up, 1.2 Gbit/s down •     1.2 Gb/s up, 1.2 Gbit/s down •     155Mb/s up, 2.4Gbit/s down •     622 Mb/s up, 2.4 Gbit/s down •     1.2 Gb/s up, 2.4 Gbit/s down •     2.4 Gb/s up, 2.4 Gbit/s down • Max Reach: • 20 km for less than 1.25 Gbit/s • 10 km for 1.25 Gbit/s and • Split ratio: up to 1: 32 (64) , optical power implications, operators convenience, bidirectional Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  22. G.PONs (2) • Improved interoperability – One-to-Many • Symmetric/Asymmetric • Backward compatibility to G.983.1 • Fast start-up for initialization • Increased network capacity • More efficient IP and ethernet handling • Video-on-demand, streamed video, games, voice over IP, distance learning, telemedicine • Less expensive, more reliable • VDSL, other xDSL backhaul Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  23. G-PONs (3) • Operating wavelengths • Downstream direction • single fibre systems shall be 1480 ‑ 1500 nm. • two fibre systems shall be 1260 ‑ 1360 nm. • Upstream direction • The operating wavelength range for the upstream direction shall be 1 260 - 1 360 nm. • Physical/Optical parameters • fibres, lasers, detectors, Pin, sensitivity, margins etc, in G.984.2 Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  24. Metropolitan Optical Network • Short to medium length distances in metropolitan areas. Typically: • within limits of a single optical span • often less than 200km distance. • signal regeneration, in-line amplification and error correction are of lesser importance than in Long Haul Optical Networks • Maximized coverage commensurate with low cost connectivity • Combined with the wider variety of client signals is a key driver for flexible aggregation (e.g., 100Mb-1Gb rate), higher bandwidth interfaces for inter office • Bandwidth-on-demand services, and multiple classes-of-services leading to further topology and technical considerations. Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  25. MON topology Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  26. Regulatory Aspects : UNBUNDLING Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  27. Regulatory Challenges Underground Feed Overhead Feed Broadband Everywhere Access Reasonable Price Quality of Service Competition Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  28. Unbundling of NE Issues • Laws permitting competition among traditional incumbent operators and Other Licensed Operators (OLOs) • “Co-location” of Incumbents and OLOs in the same buildings, using same network and infrastructure • Regulators • Establish that parts of the network be shared by operators in a transparent process to the users Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  29. Regulatory implications • Despite low levels of access, unbundling pertinent to Dev Countries • New economy and information society dependent on access to Bandwidth • Depending on the quality of the copper network other physical media to be considered (optical, wireless) • Sound infrastructure planning and innovative regulation to provide equitable access • Local operators to become globally competitive • Convergence Telecom/TV broadcasting for access Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  30. Incumbent’s Central Office   OLO network      Local Loop   Higher band Line sharing DSLAM OLO   M D F Bit stream S p l i t t e r s  Colocation area Lower band Local Loop    Higher band DSLAM (incumbent) Incumbent network     Lower band Local Loop    Full unbundling Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  31. Local Loop Unbundling (LLU) • Process where the incumbent operator makes its local network (the copper cables that run from customers premises to the telephone exchange) available to other companies. • Operators are then able to upgrade individual lines using DSL technology to offer services such as always on high speed Internet access, direct to the customer. Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  32. Full Loop Unbundling Co-location Before Incumbent Main Distr. Frame Co-location After Primary Conn. Point Handover Distr Frame OLO Main Distr. Frame Incumbent Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  33. Distant Co-location Incumbent Premises Main Distr. Frame Distant Co-location Primary Conn. Point OLO Premises Handover Distr Frame Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  34. Sub-Loop and Line sharing OLO Cabinet Co-location Handover Distr Frame OLO Main Distr. Frame Incumbent Primary Conn. Point Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  35. Spectrum Management (1)(copper access) • Factors to be considered • Spectral density • ISDN 40 KHz • HDSL 150 KHz • ADSL 300 KHz • Frequency spectrum from zero (POTS) to tens of MHz(VDSL) • Different line codes • Compatibility Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  36. Spectrum Management (2)(copper access) • Cohesistence in the same binder group of different transmission systems • Minimize impairement • limiting number of systems • position in the binder • POTS / ISDN ok 100% • xDSL systems limited in number and types to avoid crosstalk and impairement of quality of transmission • Rules for Incumbents and OLOs Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  37. Conclusions • Technologies allow new services • Actors: • Service providers (ISPs) • Manufacturers • Customers • Operating companies • Competition • Need of rules to guarantee access to everybody, everywhere at a reasonable price and with a stated Quality of Service Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  38. Conclusion Underground Feed Overhead Feed Broadband Access Everywhere Reasonable Price Competition Quality of Service Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

  39. Thank you for your attention! For further information, please feel free to contact: Counsellor for SG 15: Paolo Rosa Paolo.rosa@itu.int Tel: +41-22-730-5235 Fax: +41-22-730-5853 http://www.itu.int/ITU-T Arab CoE Workshop on DSL Technologies and Applications – Cairo, 4 - 6 March 2003

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